Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study
Low magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4141 |
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| author | Helena J. Bentil Alyssa M. Abreu Seth Adu-Afarwuah Joseph S. Rossi Alison Tovar Brietta M. Oaks |
| author_facet | Helena J. Bentil Alyssa M. Abreu Seth Adu-Afarwuah Joseph S. Rossi Alison Tovar Brietta M. Oaks |
| author_sort | Helena J. Bentil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study among 63 women in Ghana to investigate the association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers. We assessed dietary magnesium using a food frequency questionnaire and glycemic markers using fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our findings showed that the mean magnesium intake was 200 ± 116 mg/day. The prevalence of T2DM was 5% by measuring fasting blood glucose and 8% by measuring HbA1c. Unadjusted linear regression models revealed that higher magnesium intake significantly predicted higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and HbA1c levels (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; <i>p</i> = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, magnesium intake was no longer significantly associated with either fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.46; <i>p</i> = 0.08) or HbA1c levels (β = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.39; <i>p</i> = 0.20). In conclusion, our study did not show a significant association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers in women of reproductive age in Ghana. The results of this study need to be further substantiated because this was the first study to examine magnesium intake and glycemic markers in this population in Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:11:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba6c4e98991f49cfac5befc975d0cf73 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:11:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba6c4e98991f49cfac5befc975d0cf732023-11-23T00:51:17ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-11-011311414110.3390/nu13114141Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional StudyHelena J. Bentil0Alyssa M. Abreu1Seth Adu-Afarwuah2Joseph S. Rossi3Alison Tovar4Brietta M. Oaks5Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USADepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USADepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra LG 25, GhanaDepartment of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USADepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USADepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USALow magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study among 63 women in Ghana to investigate the association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers. We assessed dietary magnesium using a food frequency questionnaire and glycemic markers using fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our findings showed that the mean magnesium intake was 200 ± 116 mg/day. The prevalence of T2DM was 5% by measuring fasting blood glucose and 8% by measuring HbA1c. Unadjusted linear regression models revealed that higher magnesium intake significantly predicted higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and HbA1c levels (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; <i>p</i> = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, magnesium intake was no longer significantly associated with either fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.46; <i>p</i> = 0.08) or HbA1c levels (β = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.39; <i>p</i> = 0.20). In conclusion, our study did not show a significant association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers in women of reproductive age in Ghana. The results of this study need to be further substantiated because this was the first study to examine magnesium intake and glycemic markers in this population in Africa.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4141magnesiumdiabetesnutrition transitionwomen of reproductive ageGhana |
| spellingShingle | Helena J. Bentil Alyssa M. Abreu Seth Adu-Afarwuah Joseph S. Rossi Alison Tovar Brietta M. Oaks Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study Nutrients magnesium diabetes nutrition transition women of reproductive age Ghana |
| title | Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | association between dietary magnesium intake and glycemic markers in ghanaian women of reproductive age a pilot cross sectional study |
| topic | magnesium diabetes nutrition transition women of reproductive age Ghana |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4141 |
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