Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period
The lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory syste...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/220 |
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| author | Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo Lourdes Urquía Martí Marta Siguero Onrubia Moreyba Borges Luján Gloria Galán Henríquez Desiderio Reyes Suárez |
| author_facet | Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo Lourdes Urquía Martí Marta Siguero Onrubia Moreyba Borges Luján Gloria Galán Henríquez Desiderio Reyes Suárez |
| author_sort | Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory system. Knowledge about the lung microbiota in newborns and its relationship with bacterial infections is of vital importance to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in neonatal patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. In this article, the current evidence on the composition of the lung microbiota in newborns will be reviewed, as well as the risks that an altered microbiota can impose on premature newborns. Although advances in neonatal intensive care units have significantly improved the survival rate of preterm infants, the diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia has not progressed in recent decades. Avoiding dysbiosis caused by inappropriate use of antibiotics around birth, as well as avoiding intubation of patients or promoting early removal of endotracheal tubes, are among the most important preventive measures for ventilator-associated pneumonia. The potential benefit of probiotics and prebiotics in preventing infectious, allergic or metabolic complications in the short or long term is not clearly established and constitutes a very important field of research in perinatal medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:56:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba79ab1b3d0d450e9b0689bbfdb0475f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:56:24Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba79ab1b3d0d450e9b0689bbfdb0475f2024-03-27T13:58:52ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-03-0113322010.3390/pathogens13030220Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal PeriodFermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo0Lourdes Urquía Martí1Marta Siguero Onrubia2Moreyba Borges Luján3Gloria Galán Henríquez4Desiderio Reyes Suárez5Neonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainNeonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainNeonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainNeonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainNeonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainNeonatal Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainThe lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory system. Knowledge about the lung microbiota in newborns and its relationship with bacterial infections is of vital importance to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in neonatal patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. In this article, the current evidence on the composition of the lung microbiota in newborns will be reviewed, as well as the risks that an altered microbiota can impose on premature newborns. Although advances in neonatal intensive care units have significantly improved the survival rate of preterm infants, the diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia has not progressed in recent decades. Avoiding dysbiosis caused by inappropriate use of antibiotics around birth, as well as avoiding intubation of patients or promoting early removal of endotracheal tubes, are among the most important preventive measures for ventilator-associated pneumonia. The potential benefit of probiotics and prebiotics in preventing infectious, allergic or metabolic complications in the short or long term is not clearly established and constitutes a very important field of research in perinatal medicine.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/220broad-spectrum antibioticsendotracheal tubemicrobiomamicrobiotamultidrug resistant pathogensneonate |
| spellingShingle | Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo Lourdes Urquía Martí Marta Siguero Onrubia Moreyba Borges Luján Gloria Galán Henríquez Desiderio Reyes Suárez Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period Pathogens broad-spectrum antibiotics endotracheal tube microbioma microbiota multidrug resistant pathogens neonate |
| title | Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period |
| title_full | Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period |
| title_fullStr | Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period |
| title_short | Lung Microbiota and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period |
| title_sort | lung microbiota and ventilator associated pneumonia in the neonatal period |
| topic | broad-spectrum antibiotics endotracheal tube microbioma microbiota multidrug resistant pathogens neonate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/3/220 |
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