Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study
Abstract Background Triage is a mainstay of early mass casualty incident (MCI) management. Standardized triage protocols aim at providing valid and reproducible results and, thus, improve triage quality. To date, there is little data supporting the extent and content of training and re-training on u...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2018-04-01
|
| Series: | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-018-0501-6 |
| _version_ | 1818545621524545536 |
|---|---|
| author | Michael S. Dittmar Philipp Wolf Marc Bigalke Bernhard M. Graf Torsten Birkholz |
| author_facet | Michael S. Dittmar Philipp Wolf Marc Bigalke Bernhard M. Graf Torsten Birkholz |
| author_sort | Michael S. Dittmar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Triage is a mainstay of early mass casualty incident (MCI) management. Standardized triage protocols aim at providing valid and reproducible results and, thus, improve triage quality. To date, there is little data supporting the extent and content of training and re-training on using such triage protocols within the Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The study objective was to assess the decline in triage skills indicating a minimum time interval for re-training. In addition, the effect of a one-hour repeating lesson on triage quality was analyzed. Methods A dummy based trial on primary MCI triage with yearly follow-up after initial training using the ASAV algorithm (Amberg-Schwandorf Algorithm for Primary Triage) was undertaken. Triage was assessed concerning accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, over-triage, under-triage, time requirement, and a comprehensive performance measure. A subgroup analysis of professional paramedics was made. Results Nine hundred ninety triage procedures performed by 51 providers were analyzed. At 1 year after initial training, triage accuracy and overall performance dropped significantly. Professional paramedic’s rate of correctly assigned triage categories deteriorated from 84 to 71%, and the overall performance score decreased from 95 to 90 points (maximum = 100). The observed decline in triage performance at 1 year after education made it necessary to conduct re-training. A brief didactic lecture of 45 min duration increased accuracy to 88% and the overall performance measure to 97. Conclusions To improve disaster preparedness, triage skills should be refreshed yearly by a brief re-education of all EMS providers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:42:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba8145c158ba4f789561300f9d619657 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-7241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:42:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba8145c158ba4f789561300f9d6196572022-12-22T00:32:45ZengBMCScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine1757-72412018-04-012611810.1186/s13049-018-0501-6Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation studyMichael S. Dittmar0Philipp Wolf1Marc Bigalke2Bernhard M. Graf3Torsten Birkholz4Department of Anesthesiology, Regensburg University Medical CenterDepartment of Anesthesiology, Regensburg University Medical CenterKlinikum St. Marien Amberg, Emergency DepartmentDepartment of Anesthesiology, Regensburg University Medical CenterDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Erlangen Medical CenterAbstract Background Triage is a mainstay of early mass casualty incident (MCI) management. Standardized triage protocols aim at providing valid and reproducible results and, thus, improve triage quality. To date, there is little data supporting the extent and content of training and re-training on using such triage protocols within the Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The study objective was to assess the decline in triage skills indicating a minimum time interval for re-training. In addition, the effect of a one-hour repeating lesson on triage quality was analyzed. Methods A dummy based trial on primary MCI triage with yearly follow-up after initial training using the ASAV algorithm (Amberg-Schwandorf Algorithm for Primary Triage) was undertaken. Triage was assessed concerning accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, over-triage, under-triage, time requirement, and a comprehensive performance measure. A subgroup analysis of professional paramedics was made. Results Nine hundred ninety triage procedures performed by 51 providers were analyzed. At 1 year after initial training, triage accuracy and overall performance dropped significantly. Professional paramedic’s rate of correctly assigned triage categories deteriorated from 84 to 71%, and the overall performance score decreased from 95 to 90 points (maximum = 100). The observed decline in triage performance at 1 year after education made it necessary to conduct re-training. A brief didactic lecture of 45 min duration increased accuracy to 88% and the overall performance measure to 97. Conclusions To improve disaster preparedness, triage skills should be refreshed yearly by a brief re-education of all EMS providers.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-018-0501-6TriageMass casualty incidentsEmergency medical servicesSimulationTraining |
| spellingShingle | Michael S. Dittmar Philipp Wolf Marc Bigalke Bernhard M. Graf Torsten Birkholz Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine Triage Mass casualty incidents Emergency medical services Simulation Training |
| title | Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study |
| title_full | Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study |
| title_fullStr | Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study |
| title_short | Primary mass casualty incident triage: evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re-training from a simulation study |
| title_sort | primary mass casualty incident triage evidence for the benefit of yearly brief re training from a simulation study |
| topic | Triage Mass casualty incidents Emergency medical services Simulation Training |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-018-0501-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaelsdittmar primarymasscasualtyincidenttriageevidenceforthebenefitofyearlybriefretrainingfromasimulationstudy AT philippwolf primarymasscasualtyincidenttriageevidenceforthebenefitofyearlybriefretrainingfromasimulationstudy AT marcbigalke primarymasscasualtyincidenttriageevidenceforthebenefitofyearlybriefretrainingfromasimulationstudy AT bernhardmgraf primarymasscasualtyincidenttriageevidenceforthebenefitofyearlybriefretrainingfromasimulationstudy AT torstenbirkholz primarymasscasualtyincidenttriageevidenceforthebenefitofyearlybriefretrainingfromasimulationstudy |