Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is typically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting the motor system. Recent evidence, however, has uncovered the presence of Lewy bodies in locations outside the CNS, in direct contact with the external environment, including the olfactory bulbs and t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/3/222 |
| _version_ | 1797706409022849024 |
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| author | Fabiana Miraglia Emanuela Colla |
| author_facet | Fabiana Miraglia Emanuela Colla |
| author_sort | Fabiana Miraglia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is typically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting the motor system. Recent evidence, however, has uncovered the presence of Lewy bodies in locations outside the CNS, in direct contact with the external environment, including the olfactory bulbs and the enteric nervous system. This, combined with the ability of alpha-synuclein (αS) to propagate in a prion-like manner, has supported the hypothesis that the resident microbial community, commonly referred to as microbiota, might play a causative role in the development of PD. In this article, we will be reviewing current knowledge on the importance of the microbiota in PD pathology, concentrating our investigation on mechanisms of microbiota-host interactions that might become harmful and favor the onset of PD. Such processes, which include the secretion of bacterial amyloid proteins or other metabolites, may influence the aggregation propensity of αS directly or indirectly, for example by favoring a pro-inflammatory environment in the gut. Thus, while the development of PD has not yet being associated with a unique microbial species, more data will be necessary to examine potential harmful interactions between the microbiota and the host, and to understand their relevance in PD pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:51:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba820a86eb5e41358edc268953769fae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:51:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba820a86eb5e41358edc268953769fae2023-09-03T05:08:21ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092019-03-018322210.3390/cells8030222cells8030222Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular MimicryFabiana Miraglia0Emanuela Colla1Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, ItalyBio@SNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, ItalyParkinson’s Disease (PD) is typically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting the motor system. Recent evidence, however, has uncovered the presence of Lewy bodies in locations outside the CNS, in direct contact with the external environment, including the olfactory bulbs and the enteric nervous system. This, combined with the ability of alpha-synuclein (αS) to propagate in a prion-like manner, has supported the hypothesis that the resident microbial community, commonly referred to as microbiota, might play a causative role in the development of PD. In this article, we will be reviewing current knowledge on the importance of the microbiota in PD pathology, concentrating our investigation on mechanisms of microbiota-host interactions that might become harmful and favor the onset of PD. Such processes, which include the secretion of bacterial amyloid proteins or other metabolites, may influence the aggregation propensity of αS directly or indirectly, for example by favoring a pro-inflammatory environment in the gut. Thus, while the development of PD has not yet being associated with a unique microbial species, more data will be necessary to examine potential harmful interactions between the microbiota and the host, and to understand their relevance in PD pathogenesis.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/3/222Parkinson’s diseasemicrobiotamolecular mimicrymicrobiomealpha-synucleincurligut-brain axisneurodegeneration |
| spellingShingle | Fabiana Miraglia Emanuela Colla Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry Cells Parkinson’s disease microbiota molecular mimicry microbiome alpha-synuclein curli gut-brain axis neurodegeneration |
| title | Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry |
| title_full | Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry |
| title_fullStr | Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry |
| title_short | Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry |
| title_sort | microbiome parkinson s disease and molecular mimicry |
| topic | Parkinson’s disease microbiota molecular mimicry microbiome alpha-synuclein curli gut-brain axis neurodegeneration |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/3/222 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabianamiraglia microbiomeparkinsonsdiseaseandmolecularmimicry AT emanuelacolla microbiomeparkinsonsdiseaseandmolecularmimicry |