Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne
The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened city economies and residents' public health and quality of life. Similar to most cities, Melbourne imposed extreme preventive lockdown measures to address this situation. It would be reasonable to assume that during the two phases of lockdowns, in autumn (Ma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Energy Strategy Reviews |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X22001572 |
| _version_ | 1811178882279145472 |
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| author | Elmira Jamei Yashar Jamei Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian Ben Horan Saad Mekhilef Alex Stojcevski |
| author_facet | Elmira Jamei Yashar Jamei Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian Ben Horan Saad Mekhilef Alex Stojcevski |
| author_sort | Elmira Jamei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened city economies and residents' public health and quality of life. Similar to most cities, Melbourne imposed extreme preventive lockdown measures to address this situation. It would be reasonable to assume that during the two phases of lockdowns, in autumn (March) and winter (June to August) 2020, air quality parameters, air temperature, Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), and lighting energy consumption most likely increased. As such, to test this assumption, Sentinel 5, ERA-5 LAND, Sentinel 1 and 2, NASA SRTM, MODIS Aqua and Terra, and VIIRS satellite imageries are utilized to investigate the alterations of NO₂, SO₂, CO, UV Aerosol Index (UAI), air temperature, SUHI, and lighting energy consumption factors in the City of Melbourne. Furthermore, satellite imageries of SentiThe results indicate that the change rates of NO₂ (1.17 mol/m2) and CO (1.64 mol/m2) factors were positive. Further, the nighttime SUHI values increased by approximately 0.417 °C during the winter phase of the lockdown, while during the summer phase of the lockdown, the largest negative change rate was in NO₂ (−100.40 mol/m2). By contrast, the largest positive change rate was in SO₂ and SUHI at night. The SO₂ values increased from very low to 330 μm mol/m2, and the SUHI nighttime values increased by approximately 4.8 °C. From the spatial point of view, this study also shows how the effects on such parameters shifted based on the urban form and land types across the City of Melbourne by using satellite data as a significant resource to analyze the spatial coverage of these factors. The findings of this study demonstrate how air quality factors, SUHI, air temperature, and lighting energy consumption changed from pre-lockdown (2019) to lockdown (2020), offering valuable insights regarding practices for managing SUHI, lighting energy consumption, and air pollution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:26:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba824696170a41738094fb3221491589 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-467X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:26:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Strategy Reviews |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba824696170a41738094fb32214915892022-12-22T04:40:21ZengElsevierEnergy Strategy Reviews2211-467X2022-11-0144100963Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of MelbourneElmira Jamei0Yashar Jamei1Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian2Ben Horan3Saad Mekhilef4Alex Stojcevski5College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSchool of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Corresponding author.School of Software and Electrical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSchool of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, AustraliaSchool of Software and Electrical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSchool of Software and Electrical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaThe COVID-19 pandemic has threatened city economies and residents' public health and quality of life. Similar to most cities, Melbourne imposed extreme preventive lockdown measures to address this situation. It would be reasonable to assume that during the two phases of lockdowns, in autumn (March) and winter (June to August) 2020, air quality parameters, air temperature, Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), and lighting energy consumption most likely increased. As such, to test this assumption, Sentinel 5, ERA-5 LAND, Sentinel 1 and 2, NASA SRTM, MODIS Aqua and Terra, and VIIRS satellite imageries are utilized to investigate the alterations of NO₂, SO₂, CO, UV Aerosol Index (UAI), air temperature, SUHI, and lighting energy consumption factors in the City of Melbourne. Furthermore, satellite imageries of SentiThe results indicate that the change rates of NO₂ (1.17 mol/m2) and CO (1.64 mol/m2) factors were positive. Further, the nighttime SUHI values increased by approximately 0.417 °C during the winter phase of the lockdown, while during the summer phase of the lockdown, the largest negative change rate was in NO₂ (−100.40 mol/m2). By contrast, the largest positive change rate was in SO₂ and SUHI at night. The SO₂ values increased from very low to 330 μm mol/m2, and the SUHI nighttime values increased by approximately 4.8 °C. From the spatial point of view, this study also shows how the effects on such parameters shifted based on the urban form and land types across the City of Melbourne by using satellite data as a significant resource to analyze the spatial coverage of these factors. The findings of this study demonstrate how air quality factors, SUHI, air temperature, and lighting energy consumption changed from pre-lockdown (2019) to lockdown (2020), offering valuable insights regarding practices for managing SUHI, lighting energy consumption, and air pollution.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X22001572COVID-19 pandemicEnergy consumptionAir pollutionLand surface temperatureGoogle earth engine |
| spellingShingle | Elmira Jamei Yashar Jamei Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian Ben Horan Saad Mekhilef Alex Stojcevski Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne Energy Strategy Reviews COVID-19 pandemic Energy consumption Air pollution Land surface temperature Google earth engine |
| title | Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne |
| title_full | Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne |
| title_short | Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, surface Urban Heat Island, air temperature and lighting energy consumption in City of Melbourne |
| title_sort | investigating the impacts of covid 19 lockdown on air quality surface urban heat island air temperature and lighting energy consumption in city of melbourne |
| topic | COVID-19 pandemic Energy consumption Air pollution Land surface temperature Google earth engine |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X22001572 |
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