Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity
Modern communication devices are often equipped with multiple wireless communication interfaces with diverse characteristics. This enables exploiting a form of multi-connectivity known as interface diversity to provide path diversity with multiple communication interfaces. Interface diversity helps...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Communications and Networks |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2021.712973/full |
| _version_ | 1818646610717966336 |
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| author | Igor Donevski Israel Leyva-Mayorga Jimmy Jessen Nielsen Petar Popovski |
| author_facet | Igor Donevski Israel Leyva-Mayorga Jimmy Jessen Nielsen Petar Popovski |
| author_sort | Igor Donevski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modern communication devices are often equipped with multiple wireless communication interfaces with diverse characteristics. This enables exploiting a form of multi-connectivity known as interface diversity to provide path diversity with multiple communication interfaces. Interface diversity helps to combat the problems suffered by single-interface systems due to error bursts in the link, which are a consequence of temporal correlation in the wireless channel. The length of an error burst is an essential performance indicator for cyber–physical control applications with periodic traffic, as this defines the period in which the control link is unavailable. However, the available interfaces must be correctly orchestrated to achieve an adequate trade-off between latency, reliability, and energy consumption. This work investigates how the packet error statistics from different interfaces impact the overall latency–reliability characteristics and explores mechanisms to derive adequate interface diversity policies. For this, we model the optimization problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), where the state of each interface is determined by a Gilbert–Elliott model whose parameters are estimated based on experimental measurement traces from LTE and Wi-Fi. Our results show that the POMDP approach provides an all-round adaptable solution, whose performance is only 0.1% below the absolute upper bound, dictated by the optimal policy under the impractical assumption of full observability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:49:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba8d9a4722c344b7b2b25e44a105763d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-530X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:49:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Communications and Networks |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba8d9a4722c344b7b2b25e44a105763d2022-12-21T22:09:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Communications and Networks2673-530X2021-08-01210.3389/frcmn.2021.712973712973Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-ConnectivityIgor DonevskiIsrael Leyva-MayorgaJimmy Jessen Nielsen Petar PopovskiModern communication devices are often equipped with multiple wireless communication interfaces with diverse characteristics. This enables exploiting a form of multi-connectivity known as interface diversity to provide path diversity with multiple communication interfaces. Interface diversity helps to combat the problems suffered by single-interface systems due to error bursts in the link, which are a consequence of temporal correlation in the wireless channel. The length of an error burst is an essential performance indicator for cyber–physical control applications with periodic traffic, as this defines the period in which the control link is unavailable. However, the available interfaces must be correctly orchestrated to achieve an adequate trade-off between latency, reliability, and energy consumption. This work investigates how the packet error statistics from different interfaces impact the overall latency–reliability characteristics and explores mechanisms to derive adequate interface diversity policies. For this, we model the optimization problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), where the state of each interface is determined by a Gilbert–Elliott model whose parameters are estimated based on experimental measurement traces from LTE and Wi-Fi. Our results show that the POMDP approach provides an all-round adaptable solution, whose performance is only 0.1% below the absolute upper bound, dictated by the optimal policy under the impractical assumption of full observability.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2021.712973/fullpartially observable Markov decision process (POMDP)interface diversitymulti-connectivityGilbert–Elliottburst errorlatency–reliability |
| spellingShingle | Igor Donevski Israel Leyva-Mayorga Jimmy Jessen Nielsen Petar Popovski Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity Frontiers in Communications and Networks partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) interface diversity multi-connectivity Gilbert–Elliott burst error latency–reliability |
| title | Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity |
| title_full | Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity |
| title_fullStr | Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity |
| title_short | Performance Trade-Offs in Cyber–Physical Control Applications With Multi-Connectivity |
| title_sort | performance trade offs in cyber physical control applications with multi connectivity |
| topic | partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) interface diversity multi-connectivity Gilbert–Elliott burst error latency–reliability |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2021.712973/full |
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