Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Background Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging provides sensitive measurement of brain morphology and vascular brain injury. However, associations of risk factors with brain magnetic resonance imaging findings have largely been s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.023159 |
| _version_ | 1827970027216699392 |
|---|---|
| author | Thomas R. Austin Ilya M. Nasrallah Guray Erus Lisa M. Desiderio Lin Y. Chen Philip Greenland Barbara N. Harding Timothy M. Hughes Paul N. Jensen WT Longstreth Wendy S. Post Steven J. Shea Colleen M. Sitlani Christos Davatzikos Mohamad Habes R. Nick Bryan Susan R. Heckbert |
| author_facet | Thomas R. Austin Ilya M. Nasrallah Guray Erus Lisa M. Desiderio Lin Y. Chen Philip Greenland Barbara N. Harding Timothy M. Hughes Paul N. Jensen WT Longstreth Wendy S. Post Steven J. Shea Colleen M. Sitlani Christos Davatzikos Mohamad Habes R. Nick Bryan Susan R. Heckbert |
| author_sort | Thomas R. Austin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging provides sensitive measurement of brain morphology and vascular brain injury. However, associations of risk factors with brain magnetic resonance imaging findings have largely been studied in White participants. We investigated associations of race, ethnicity, and cardiovascular risk factors with brain morphology and white matter (WM) injury in a diverse population. Methods and Results In the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, measures were made in 2018 to 2019 of total brain volume, gray matter and WM volume, and WM injury, including WM hyperintensity volume and WM fractional anisotropy. We assessed cross‐sectional associations of race and ethnicity and of cardiovascular risk factors with magnetic resonance imaging measures. Magnetic resonance imaging data were complete in 1036 participants; 25% Black, 15% Chinese‐American, 19% Hispanic, and 41% White. Mean (SD) age was 72 (8) years and 53% were women. Although WM injury was greater in Black than in White participants in a minimally adjusted model, additional adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status each attenuated this association, rendering it nonsignificant. Overall, greater average WM hyperintensity volume was associated with older age and current smoking (69% greater vs never smoking); lower fractional anisotropy was additionally associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medication, and diabetes. Conclusions We found no statistically significant difference in measures of WM injury by race and ethnicity after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status. In all racial and ethnic groups, older age, current smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were strongly associated with WM injury. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:47:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba9324f94e7443e8bf2bc7d9f821baec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:47:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba9324f94e7443e8bf2bc7d9f821baec2023-04-10T11:57:34ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802022-04-0111710.1161/JAHA.121.023159Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of AtherosclerosisThomas R. Austin0Ilya M. Nasrallah1Guray Erus2Lisa M. Desiderio3Lin Y. Chen4Philip Greenland5Barbara N. Harding6Timothy M. Hughes7Paul N. Jensen8WT Longstreth9Wendy S. Post10Steven J. Shea11Colleen M. Sitlani12Christos Davatzikos13Mohamad Habes14R. Nick Bryan15Susan R. Heckbert16Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WADepartment of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PADepartment of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PADepartment of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PACardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MNDepartment of Preventative Medicine and Department of MedicineFeinberg School of Medicine Chicago ILBarcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona SpainDepartment of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NCDepartment of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WADepartment of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WADivision of Cardiology Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MarylandDepartments of Medicine and Epidemiology Columbia University New York NYDepartment of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WADepartment of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PANeuroimage Analytics Laboratory and Biggs Institute Neuroimaging Core Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TXDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine University of Texas at Austin Austin TXDepartment of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WABackground Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging provides sensitive measurement of brain morphology and vascular brain injury. However, associations of risk factors with brain magnetic resonance imaging findings have largely been studied in White participants. We investigated associations of race, ethnicity, and cardiovascular risk factors with brain morphology and white matter (WM) injury in a diverse population. Methods and Results In the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, measures were made in 2018 to 2019 of total brain volume, gray matter and WM volume, and WM injury, including WM hyperintensity volume and WM fractional anisotropy. We assessed cross‐sectional associations of race and ethnicity and of cardiovascular risk factors with magnetic resonance imaging measures. Magnetic resonance imaging data were complete in 1036 participants; 25% Black, 15% Chinese‐American, 19% Hispanic, and 41% White. Mean (SD) age was 72 (8) years and 53% were women. Although WM injury was greater in Black than in White participants in a minimally adjusted model, additional adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status each attenuated this association, rendering it nonsignificant. Overall, greater average WM hyperintensity volume was associated with older age and current smoking (69% greater vs never smoking); lower fractional anisotropy was additionally associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medication, and diabetes. Conclusions We found no statistically significant difference in measures of WM injury by race and ethnicity after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status. In all racial and ethnic groups, older age, current smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were strongly associated with WM injury.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.023159brain magnetic resonance imagingcardiovascular risk factorsrace and ethnicitywhite matter injury |
| spellingShingle | Thomas R. Austin Ilya M. Nasrallah Guray Erus Lisa M. Desiderio Lin Y. Chen Philip Greenland Barbara N. Harding Timothy M. Hughes Paul N. Jensen WT Longstreth Wendy S. Post Steven J. Shea Colleen M. Sitlani Christos Davatzikos Mohamad Habes R. Nick Bryan Susan R. Heckbert Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease brain magnetic resonance imaging cardiovascular risk factors race and ethnicity white matter injury |
| title | Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | association of brain volumes and white matter injury with race ethnicity and cardiovascular risk factors the multi ethnic study of atherosclerosis |
| topic | brain magnetic resonance imaging cardiovascular risk factors race and ethnicity white matter injury |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.023159 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomasraustin associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT ilyamnasrallah associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT gurayerus associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT lisamdesiderio associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT linychen associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT philipgreenland associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT barbaranharding associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT timothymhughes associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT paulnjensen associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT wtlongstreth associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT wendyspost associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT stevenjshea associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT colleenmsitlani associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT christosdavatzikos associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT mohamadhabes associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT rnickbryan associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis AT susanrheckbert associationofbrainvolumesandwhitematterinjurywithraceethnicityandcardiovascularriskfactorsthemultiethnicstudyofatherosclerosis |