Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements
Clinically used mineral bone cements lack high strength values, absorbability and drillability. Therefore, magnesium phosphate cements have recently received increasing attention as they unify a high mechanical performance with presumed degradation in vivo. To obtain a drillable cement formulation,...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/8/1925 |
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| author | Philipp Heilig Phoebe Sandner Martin Cornelius Jordan Rafael Gregor Jakubietz Rainer Heribert Meffert Uwe Gbureck Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht |
| author_facet | Philipp Heilig Phoebe Sandner Martin Cornelius Jordan Rafael Gregor Jakubietz Rainer Heribert Meffert Uwe Gbureck Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht |
| author_sort | Philipp Heilig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Clinically used mineral bone cements lack high strength values, absorbability and drillability. Therefore, magnesium phosphate cements have recently received increasing attention as they unify a high mechanical performance with presumed degradation in vivo. To obtain a drillable cement formulation, farringtonite (Mg<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were modified with the setting retardant phytic acid (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>18</sub>O<sub>24</sub>P<sub>6</sub>). In a pre-testing series, 13 different compositions of magnesium phosphate cements were analyzed concentrating on the clinical demands for application. Of these 13 composites, two cement formulations with different phytic acid content (22.5 wt% and 25 wt%) were identified to meet clinical demands. Both formulations were evaluated in terms of setting time, injectability, compressive strength, screw pullout tests and biomechanical tests in a clinically relevant fracture model. The cements were used as bone filler of a metaphyseal bone defect alone, and in combination with screws drilled through the cement. Both formulations achieved a setting time of 5 min 30 s and an injectability of 100%. Compressive strength was shown to be ~12–13 MPa and the overall displacement of the reduced fracture was <2 mm with and without screws. Maximum load until reduced fracture failure was ~2600 N for the cements only and ~3800 N for the combination with screws. Two new compositions of magnesium phosphate cements revealed high strength in clinically relevant biomechanical test set-ups and add clinically desired characteristics to its strength such as injectability and drillability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:24:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-baa1a0514a184dcc8c2064c1cd78f96c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:24:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-baa1a0514a184dcc8c2064c1cd78f96c2023-11-21T15:12:01ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-04-01148192510.3390/ma14081925Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone CementsPhilipp Heilig0Phoebe Sandner1Martin Cornelius Jordan2Rafael Gregor Jakubietz3Rainer Heribert Meffert4Uwe Gbureck5Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht6Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, GermanyDepartment of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, 97080 Würzburg, GermanyClinically used mineral bone cements lack high strength values, absorbability and drillability. Therefore, magnesium phosphate cements have recently received increasing attention as they unify a high mechanical performance with presumed degradation in vivo. To obtain a drillable cement formulation, farringtonite (Mg<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were modified with the setting retardant phytic acid (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>18</sub>O<sub>24</sub>P<sub>6</sub>). In a pre-testing series, 13 different compositions of magnesium phosphate cements were analyzed concentrating on the clinical demands for application. Of these 13 composites, two cement formulations with different phytic acid content (22.5 wt% and 25 wt%) were identified to meet clinical demands. Both formulations were evaluated in terms of setting time, injectability, compressive strength, screw pullout tests and biomechanical tests in a clinically relevant fracture model. The cements were used as bone filler of a metaphyseal bone defect alone, and in combination with screws drilled through the cement. Both formulations achieved a setting time of 5 min 30 s and an injectability of 100%. Compressive strength was shown to be ~12–13 MPa and the overall displacement of the reduced fracture was <2 mm with and without screws. Maximum load until reduced fracture failure was ~2600 N for the cements only and ~3800 N for the combination with screws. Two new compositions of magnesium phosphate cements revealed high strength in clinically relevant biomechanical test set-ups and add clinically desired characteristics to its strength such as injectability and drillability.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/8/1925magnesium phosphate cementphytic acidinositol hexaphosphatedrillable bone cementtibial head depression fracturesynbones |
| spellingShingle | Philipp Heilig Phoebe Sandner Martin Cornelius Jordan Rafael Gregor Jakubietz Rainer Heribert Meffert Uwe Gbureck Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements Materials magnesium phosphate cement phytic acid inositol hexaphosphate drillable bone cement tibial head depression fracture synbones |
| title | Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements |
| title_full | Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements |
| title_short | Experimental Drillable Magnesium Phosphate Cement Is a Promising Alternative to Conventional Bone Cements |
| title_sort | experimental drillable magnesium phosphate cement is a promising alternative to conventional bone cements |
| topic | magnesium phosphate cement phytic acid inositol hexaphosphate drillable bone cement tibial head depression fracture synbones |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/8/1925 |
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