Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols
Abstract Background Tyrosinases and laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that are used widely in the food, feed, textile, and biofuel industries. The rapidly growing industrial demand for bacterial oxido-reductases has encouraged research on this enzyme worldwide. These enzymes also play a key role i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02258-3 |
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| author | Iniyakumar Muniraj Syed Shameer Sivakumar Uthandi |
| author_facet | Iniyakumar Muniraj Syed Shameer Sivakumar Uthandi |
| author_sort | Iniyakumar Muniraj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tyrosinases and laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that are used widely in the food, feed, textile, and biofuel industries. The rapidly growing industrial demand for bacterial oxido-reductases has encouraged research on this enzyme worldwide. These enzymes also play a key role in the formation of humic substances (HS) that are involved in controlling the biogeochemical carbon cycle, providing nutrients and bio-stimulants for plant growth, and interacting with inorganic and organic pollutants besides increasing carbon sequestration and mitigating greenhouse gas emission in the environment. The present study aimed to screen and characterize extracellular tyrosinase and laccase-producing soil bacteria that could be utilized in the polymerization of phenols. Results Twenty isolates from different soil samples collected from forest ecosystems were characterized through ARDRA using restriction digestion with AluI, HpaII, and HaeIII restriction enzymes. The results of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) revealed a 60 % similarity coefficient among 13 out of 20 isolates, of which, the isolate TFG5 exhibited only 10 % similarity when compared to all the other isolates. The isolate TFG5 exhibited both tyrosinase (1.34 U.mL− 1) and laccase (2.01 U.mL− 1) activity and was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai. The increased polymerization activity was observed when B. aryabhattai TFG5 was treated with phenols. The monomers such as catechol, p-Hydroxy benzoic acid, ferulic acid, and salicylic acid were polymerized efficiently, as evidenced by their FT-IR spectra depicting increased functional groups compared to the standard mushroom tyrosinase. Conclusions The polymerization ability of B. aryabhattai TFG5 could be applied to phenol-rich wastewater treatment for efficient precipitation of phenols. Furthermore, tyrosinases can be used for enhancing the synthesis of HS in soil. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T04:56:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-baa7239c488d418d92ca2d90bc2008ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T04:56:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-baa7239c488d418d92ca2d90bc2008ee2022-12-21T22:02:41ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802021-06-012111910.1186/s12866-021-02258-3Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenolsIniyakumar Muniraj0Syed Shameer1Sivakumar Uthandi2Biocatalysts Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityBiocatalysts Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityBiocatalysts Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Tyrosinases and laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that are used widely in the food, feed, textile, and biofuel industries. The rapidly growing industrial demand for bacterial oxido-reductases has encouraged research on this enzyme worldwide. These enzymes also play a key role in the formation of humic substances (HS) that are involved in controlling the biogeochemical carbon cycle, providing nutrients and bio-stimulants for plant growth, and interacting with inorganic and organic pollutants besides increasing carbon sequestration and mitigating greenhouse gas emission in the environment. The present study aimed to screen and characterize extracellular tyrosinase and laccase-producing soil bacteria that could be utilized in the polymerization of phenols. Results Twenty isolates from different soil samples collected from forest ecosystems were characterized through ARDRA using restriction digestion with AluI, HpaII, and HaeIII restriction enzymes. The results of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) revealed a 60 % similarity coefficient among 13 out of 20 isolates, of which, the isolate TFG5 exhibited only 10 % similarity when compared to all the other isolates. The isolate TFG5 exhibited both tyrosinase (1.34 U.mL− 1) and laccase (2.01 U.mL− 1) activity and was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai. The increased polymerization activity was observed when B. aryabhattai TFG5 was treated with phenols. The monomers such as catechol, p-Hydroxy benzoic acid, ferulic acid, and salicylic acid were polymerized efficiently, as evidenced by their FT-IR spectra depicting increased functional groups compared to the standard mushroom tyrosinase. Conclusions The polymerization ability of B. aryabhattai TFG5 could be applied to phenol-rich wastewater treatment for efficient precipitation of phenols. Furthermore, tyrosinases can be used for enhancing the synthesis of HS in soil.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02258-3Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5TyrosinaseLaccaseARDRAPolymerization of phenolsFT-IR |
| spellingShingle | Iniyakumar Muniraj Syed Shameer Sivakumar Uthandi Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols BMC Microbiology Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 Tyrosinase Laccase ARDRA Polymerization of phenols FT-IR |
| title | Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| title_full | Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| title_fullStr | Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| title_short | Tyrosinase and laccase-producing Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| title_sort | tyrosinase and laccase producing bacillus aryabhattai tfg5 and its role in the polymerization of phenols |
| topic | Bacillus aryabhattai TFG5 Tyrosinase Laccase ARDRA Polymerization of phenols FT-IR |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02258-3 |
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