Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study
Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption poses a potential risk to public health and may be related to shelter-in-place orders. This study utilized the level of food processing as a lens by which to examine the relationships between diet, weight change, and lifestyle changes (including cooking, snacki...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2553 |
| _version_ | 1827676612442718208 |
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| author | Walter Sobba Matthew J. Landry Kristen M. Cunanan Alessandra Marcone Christopher D. Gardner |
| author_facet | Walter Sobba Matthew J. Landry Kristen M. Cunanan Alessandra Marcone Christopher D. Gardner |
| author_sort | Walter Sobba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption poses a potential risk to public health and may be related to shelter-in-place orders. This study utilized the level of food processing as a lens by which to examine the relationships between diet, weight change, and lifestyle changes (including cooking, snacking, and sedentary activity) that occurred during regional shelter-in-place orders. This study used a cross-sectional, retrospective survey (<i>n</i> = 589) to assess baseline demographics, changes in lifestyle behaviors using a Likert scale, and changes in dietary behaviors using a modified food frequency questionnaire from mid-March to May 2020; data were collected in the California Bay Area from August to October 2020. Foods were categorized by level of processing (minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed) using the NOVA scale. Stepwise multiple linear regression and univariate linear regression models were used to determine the associations between these factors. Increased snacking was positively associated with a change in the percent of the calories derived from UPF and weight gain (β = 1.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001; β = 0.8 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and negatively associated with the share of MPF calories consumed (β = −0.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001). These relationships have public health implications as interventions designed around decreased snacking may positively impact diet and weight management and thereby mitigate negative health outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:30:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-baaae65f0358467b97089b62754398e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:30:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-baaae65f0358467b97089b62754398e52023-11-22T23:18:32ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-10-011011255310.3390/foods10112553Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective StudyWalter Sobba0Matthew J. Landry1Kristen M. Cunanan2Alessandra Marcone3Christopher D. Gardner4Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAQuantitative Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAUltra-processed food (UPF) consumption poses a potential risk to public health and may be related to shelter-in-place orders. This study utilized the level of food processing as a lens by which to examine the relationships between diet, weight change, and lifestyle changes (including cooking, snacking, and sedentary activity) that occurred during regional shelter-in-place orders. This study used a cross-sectional, retrospective survey (<i>n</i> = 589) to assess baseline demographics, changes in lifestyle behaviors using a Likert scale, and changes in dietary behaviors using a modified food frequency questionnaire from mid-March to May 2020; data were collected in the California Bay Area from August to October 2020. Foods were categorized by level of processing (minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed) using the NOVA scale. Stepwise multiple linear regression and univariate linear regression models were used to determine the associations between these factors. Increased snacking was positively associated with a change in the percent of the calories derived from UPF and weight gain (β = 1.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001; β = 0.8 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and negatively associated with the share of MPF calories consumed (β = −0.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001). These relationships have public health implications as interventions designed around decreased snacking may positively impact diet and weight management and thereby mitigate negative health outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2553ultra-processed foodsshelter-in-placesnackingCOVID-19dietlifestyle behaviors |
| spellingShingle | Walter Sobba Matthew J. Landry Kristen M. Cunanan Alessandra Marcone Christopher D. Gardner Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study Foods ultra-processed foods shelter-in-place snacking COVID-19 diet lifestyle behaviors |
| title | Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full | Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study |
| title_short | Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study |
| title_sort | changes in ultra processed food consumption and lifestyle behaviors following covid 19 shelter in place a retrospective study |
| topic | ultra-processed foods shelter-in-place snacking COVID-19 diet lifestyle behaviors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2553 |
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