Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model
Germination models are quite helpful in predicting emergence times, dormancy periods, and their applications in crop management. This study investigated the germination behaviors of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. in response to fluctuations in temperatures (<i>T<sub>s</sub>&...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/3/400 |
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| author | Sheharyar Khan Abd Ullah Sami Ullah Muhammad Hamzah Saleem Mohammad K. Okla Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi Yinglong Chen Shafaqat Ali |
| author_facet | Sheharyar Khan Abd Ullah Sami Ullah Muhammad Hamzah Saleem Mohammad K. Okla Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi Yinglong Chen Shafaqat Ali |
| author_sort | Sheharyar Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Germination models are quite helpful in predicting emergence times, dormancy periods, and their applications in crop management. This study investigated the germination behaviors of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. in response to fluctuations in temperatures (<i>T<sub>s</sub></i>) and water potentials (<i>ψ<sub>s</sub></i>). Germination percentage (GP) increased 95% with rising temperature within the range of 20–30 °C, and decreased 25% at 5 °C. Moreover, each <i>ψ</i> and <i>T</i> resulted in a decrease in GP as <i>ψ</i> decreased. Further, we noted that the <i>θT</i>1 value was substantially high at 30 °C and in (0 MPa), whereas the <i>θT</i>2 value was maximum at 10 °C (−0.02 MPa) and it decreased with decreasing <i>Ψ</i>. The maximum hydrothermal time constant (<i>θ</i>HTT) and hydrotime (<i>θ</i>H) values were obtained at 10 and 30 °C, respectively. In addition, a linear increase in the GR<sub>(<i>g</i>)</sub> pattern was observed at <i>T<sub>b</sub></i> and a decrease below the <i>T<sub>o</sub></i>. The calculated cardinal <i>T<sub>s</sub></i> was 5 °C for the base <i>T</i>, and 30 °C for both the optimum and ceiling <i>T</i>. The germination characteristics were higher at 30 °C having (0 MPa). Therefore, using cardinal temperatures, germination results, and the hydrothermal time model (HTT) could reveal the independent and interactive impacts of both <i>T</i> and the <i>Ψ</i> on the response of seed germination subjected to diverse environmental conditions. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-bab30db414b246018e21e5497ac6e8512023-11-30T21:14:10ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-03-0112340010.3390/life12030400Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time ModelSheharyar Khan0Abd Ullah1Sami Ullah2Muhammad Hamzah Saleem3Mohammad K. Okla4Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi5Yinglong Chen6Shafaqat Ali7Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, PakistanXinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaDepartment of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, PakistanCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaThe UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, AustraliaDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanGermination models are quite helpful in predicting emergence times, dormancy periods, and their applications in crop management. This study investigated the germination behaviors of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. in response to fluctuations in temperatures (<i>T<sub>s</sub></i>) and water potentials (<i>ψ<sub>s</sub></i>). Germination percentage (GP) increased 95% with rising temperature within the range of 20–30 °C, and decreased 25% at 5 °C. Moreover, each <i>ψ</i> and <i>T</i> resulted in a decrease in GP as <i>ψ</i> decreased. Further, we noted that the <i>θT</i>1 value was substantially high at 30 °C and in (0 MPa), whereas the <i>θT</i>2 value was maximum at 10 °C (−0.02 MPa) and it decreased with decreasing <i>Ψ</i>. The maximum hydrothermal time constant (<i>θ</i>HTT) and hydrotime (<i>θ</i>H) values were obtained at 10 and 30 °C, respectively. In addition, a linear increase in the GR<sub>(<i>g</i>)</sub> pattern was observed at <i>T<sub>b</sub></i> and a decrease below the <i>T<sub>o</sub></i>. The calculated cardinal <i>T<sub>s</sub></i> was 5 °C for the base <i>T</i>, and 30 °C for both the optimum and ceiling <i>T</i>. The germination characteristics were higher at 30 °C having (0 MPa). Therefore, using cardinal temperatures, germination results, and the hydrothermal time model (HTT) could reveal the independent and interactive impacts of both <i>T</i> and the <i>Ψ</i> on the response of seed germination subjected to diverse environmental conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/3/400<i>Eruca sativa</i>germinationcardinal temperaturehydrothermal constantwater stress |
| spellingShingle | Sheharyar Khan Abd Ullah Sami Ullah Muhammad Hamzah Saleem Mohammad K. Okla Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi Yinglong Chen Shafaqat Ali Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model Life <i>Eruca sativa</i> germination cardinal temperature hydrothermal constant water stress |
| title | Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model |
| title_full | Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model |
| title_fullStr | Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model |
| title_short | Quantifying Temperature and Osmotic Stress Impact on Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth of <i>Eruca sativa</i> Mill. via Hydrothermal Time Model |
| title_sort | quantifying temperature and osmotic stress impact on seed germination rate and seedling growth of i eruca sativa i mill via hydrothermal time model |
| topic | <i>Eruca sativa</i> germination cardinal temperature hydrothermal constant water stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/3/400 |
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