Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study

We prospectively examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese adults using Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) data. A total of 19 084 (7052 men and 12 032 women) Japanese non-diabetic pa...

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Main Authors: Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2023-01-01
Series:Journal of Nutritional Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001227/type/journal_article
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author Akinori Yaegashi
Takashi Kimura
Takumi Hirata
Hiroyasu Iso
Akiko Tamakoshi
author_facet Akinori Yaegashi
Takashi Kimura
Takumi Hirata
Hiroyasu Iso
Akiko Tamakoshi
author_sort Akinori Yaegashi
collection DOAJ
description We prospectively examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese adults using Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) data. A total of 19 084 (7052 men and 12 032 women) Japanese non-diabetic participants aged 40–79 years, who enrolled in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990, were included in our analysis. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The overall, animal and vegetable LCD scores were calculated by dividing the study participants into eleven categories based on the percentages of energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat. The incidence of T2D was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across the quintile of each LCD score, with adjustment for potential confounders. During the 5-year study period, 490 adults (247 men and 243 women) developed T2D. The multivariable-adjusted OR of incident T2D for the highest v. lowest quintiles of overall and animal LCD scores, respectively, were 0·64 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·99) and 0·83 (95 % CI 0·55, 1·27) for men, 0·78 (95 % CI 0·51, 1·18) and 0·84 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·24) for women. The vegetable LCD score was associated with a lower risk of T2D in men (OR 0·51; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·77). Our results suggest that diets lower in carbohydrates and higher in fat and protein are unlikely to higher the T2D risk among Japanese individuals.
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spelling doaj.art-baba2f3289604a43a43e62b63c80feae2023-04-14T12:34:51ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902023-01-011210.1017/jns.2022.122Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC StudyAkinori Yaegashi0Takashi Kimura1Takumi Hirata2Hiroyasu Iso3Akiko Tamakoshi4Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, 5-196-1, Kogane-chuo, Eniwa 061-1449, JapanFaculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanFaculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, JapanNational Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, JapanFaculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanWe prospectively examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese adults using Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) data. A total of 19 084 (7052 men and 12 032 women) Japanese non-diabetic participants aged 40–79 years, who enrolled in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990, were included in our analysis. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The overall, animal and vegetable LCD scores were calculated by dividing the study participants into eleven categories based on the percentages of energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat. The incidence of T2D was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across the quintile of each LCD score, with adjustment for potential confounders. During the 5-year study period, 490 adults (247 men and 243 women) developed T2D. The multivariable-adjusted OR of incident T2D for the highest v. lowest quintiles of overall and animal LCD scores, respectively, were 0·64 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·99) and 0·83 (95 % CI 0·55, 1·27) for men, 0·78 (95 % CI 0·51, 1·18) and 0·84 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·24) for women. The vegetable LCD score was associated with a lower risk of T2D in men (OR 0·51; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·77). Our results suggest that diets lower in carbohydrates and higher in fat and protein are unlikely to higher the T2D risk among Japanese individuals.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001227/type/journal_articleAsiaDiabetesEpidemiologyJapaneseLow carbohydrate diet
spellingShingle Akinori Yaegashi
Takashi Kimura
Takumi Hirata
Hiroyasu Iso
Akiko Tamakoshi
Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
Journal of Nutritional Science
Asia
Diabetes
Epidemiology
Japanese
Low carbohydrate diet
title Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
title_full Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
title_fullStr Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
title_full_unstemmed Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
title_short Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
title_sort association between low carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among japanese adults the jacc study
topic Asia
Diabetes
Epidemiology
Japanese
Low carbohydrate diet
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001227/type/journal_article
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