EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence.
Poxviruses contain large dsDNA genomes encoding numerous open reading frames that manipulate cellular signalling pathways and interfere with the host immune response. The NF-κB signalling cascade is an important mediator of innate immunity and inflammation, and is tightly regulated by ubiquitination...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-08-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4133408?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1828488364634931200 |
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| author | Nicholas van Buuren Kristin Burles Jill Schriewer Ninad Mehta Scott Parker R Mark Buller Michele Barry |
| author_facet | Nicholas van Buuren Kristin Burles Jill Schriewer Ninad Mehta Scott Parker R Mark Buller Michele Barry |
| author_sort | Nicholas van Buuren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poxviruses contain large dsDNA genomes encoding numerous open reading frames that manipulate cellular signalling pathways and interfere with the host immune response. The NF-κB signalling cascade is an important mediator of innate immunity and inflammation, and is tightly regulated by ubiquitination at several key points. A critical step in NF-κB activation is the ubiquitination and degradation of the inhibitor of kappaB (IκBα), by the cellular SCFβ-TRCP ubiquitin ligase complex. We show here that upon stimulation with TNFα or IL-1β, Orthopoxvirus-infected cells displayed an accumulation of phosphorylated IκBα, indicating that NF-κB activation was inhibited during poxvirus infection. Ectromelia virus is the causative agent of lethal mousepox, a natural disease that is fatal in mice. Previously, we identified a family of four ectromelia virus genes (EVM002, EVM005, EVM154 and EVM165) that contain N-terminal ankyrin repeats and C-terminal F-box domains that interact with the cellular SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. Since degradation of IκBα is catalyzed by the SCFβ-TRCP ubiquitin ligase, we investigated the role of the ectromelia virus ankyrin/F-box protein, EVM005, in the regulation of NF-κB. Expression of Flag-EVM005 inhibited both TNFα- and IL-1β-stimulated IκBα degradation and p65 nuclear translocation. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by EVM005 was dependent on the F-box domain, and interaction with the SCF complex. Additionally, ectromelia virus devoid of EVM005 was shown to inhibit NF-κB activation, despite lacking the EVM005 open reading frame. Finally, ectromelia virus devoid of EVM005 was attenuated in both A/NCR and C57BL/6 mouse models, indicating that EVM005 is required for virulence and immune regulation in vivo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:07:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-babb26d7bfd94d77830dcb2059211a6e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:07:09Z |
| publishDate | 2014-08-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-babb26d7bfd94d77830dcb2059211a6e2022-12-22T01:11:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742014-08-01108e100432610.1371/journal.ppat.1004326EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence.Nicholas van BuurenKristin BurlesJill SchriewerNinad MehtaScott ParkerR Mark BullerMichele BarryPoxviruses contain large dsDNA genomes encoding numerous open reading frames that manipulate cellular signalling pathways and interfere with the host immune response. The NF-κB signalling cascade is an important mediator of innate immunity and inflammation, and is tightly regulated by ubiquitination at several key points. A critical step in NF-κB activation is the ubiquitination and degradation of the inhibitor of kappaB (IκBα), by the cellular SCFβ-TRCP ubiquitin ligase complex. We show here that upon stimulation with TNFα or IL-1β, Orthopoxvirus-infected cells displayed an accumulation of phosphorylated IκBα, indicating that NF-κB activation was inhibited during poxvirus infection. Ectromelia virus is the causative agent of lethal mousepox, a natural disease that is fatal in mice. Previously, we identified a family of four ectromelia virus genes (EVM002, EVM005, EVM154 and EVM165) that contain N-terminal ankyrin repeats and C-terminal F-box domains that interact with the cellular SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. Since degradation of IκBα is catalyzed by the SCFβ-TRCP ubiquitin ligase, we investigated the role of the ectromelia virus ankyrin/F-box protein, EVM005, in the regulation of NF-κB. Expression of Flag-EVM005 inhibited both TNFα- and IL-1β-stimulated IκBα degradation and p65 nuclear translocation. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by EVM005 was dependent on the F-box domain, and interaction with the SCF complex. Additionally, ectromelia virus devoid of EVM005 was shown to inhibit NF-κB activation, despite lacking the EVM005 open reading frame. Finally, ectromelia virus devoid of EVM005 was attenuated in both A/NCR and C57BL/6 mouse models, indicating that EVM005 is required for virulence and immune regulation in vivo.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4133408?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Nicholas van Buuren Kristin Burles Jill Schriewer Ninad Mehta Scott Parker R Mark Buller Michele Barry EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. |
| title_full | EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. |
| title_fullStr | EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. |
| title_full_unstemmed | EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. |
| title_short | EVM005: an ectromelia-encoded protein with dual roles in NF-κB inhibition and virulence. |
| title_sort | evm005 an ectromelia encoded protein with dual roles in nf κb inhibition and virulence |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4133408?pdf=render |
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