A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air
Airborne microplastics raise significant concerns due to their potential health impacts. Having a small size, larger surface area, and penetrative ability into the biological system, makes them hazardous to health. This review article compiles various studies investigating the mechanism of action of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/9/1243 |
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| author | Chman Shahzadi Alessandra Di Serafino Eleonora Aruffo Alessandra Mascitelli Piero Di Carlo |
| author_facet | Chman Shahzadi Alessandra Di Serafino Eleonora Aruffo Alessandra Mascitelli Piero Di Carlo |
| author_sort | Chman Shahzadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Airborne microplastics raise significant concerns due to their potential health impacts. Having a small size, larger surface area, and penetrative ability into the biological system, makes them hazardous to health. This review article compiles various studies investigating the mechanism of action of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics affecting lung epithelial cells A549. These inhalable microplastics damage the respiratory system, by triggering a proinflammatory environment, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, morphological changes, and cytotoxic accumulation in A549 cells. PS-NP lung toxicity depends on various factors such as size, surface modifications, concentration, charge, and zeta potential. However, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity mechanisms depend on the cell type. For A549 cells, PS-NPs are responsible for energy imbalance by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity, immunomodulation, and apoptosis. Additionally, PS-NPs have the ability to traverse the placental barrier, posing a risk to offspring. Despite the advancements, the precise mechanisms underlying how prolonged exposure to PS-NPs leads to the development and progression of lung diseases have unclear points, necessitating further investigations to unravel the root cause. This review also sheds light on data gaps, inconsistencies in PS-Nos research, and provides recommendations for further research in this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:01:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bac3d871706541ca931ea1c8b544155b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:01:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bac3d871706541ca931ea1c8b544155b2023-11-19T09:39:01ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-09-01129124310.3390/biology12091243A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the AirChman Shahzadi0Alessandra Di Serafino1Eleonora Aruffo2Alessandra Mascitelli3Piero Di Carlo4Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of “G. d’ Annunzio” Chieti Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyAirborne microplastics raise significant concerns due to their potential health impacts. Having a small size, larger surface area, and penetrative ability into the biological system, makes them hazardous to health. This review article compiles various studies investigating the mechanism of action of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics affecting lung epithelial cells A549. These inhalable microplastics damage the respiratory system, by triggering a proinflammatory environment, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, morphological changes, and cytotoxic accumulation in A549 cells. PS-NP lung toxicity depends on various factors such as size, surface modifications, concentration, charge, and zeta potential. However, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity mechanisms depend on the cell type. For A549 cells, PS-NPs are responsible for energy imbalance by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity, immunomodulation, and apoptosis. Additionally, PS-NPs have the ability to traverse the placental barrier, posing a risk to offspring. Despite the advancements, the precise mechanisms underlying how prolonged exposure to PS-NPs leads to the development and progression of lung diseases have unclear points, necessitating further investigations to unravel the root cause. This review also sheds light on data gaps, inconsistencies in PS-Nos research, and provides recommendations for further research in this field.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/9/1243nanoplasticspolystyreneA549alveolar epithelial cellsair pollutants |
| spellingShingle | Chman Shahzadi Alessandra Di Serafino Eleonora Aruffo Alessandra Mascitelli Piero Di Carlo A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air Biology nanoplastics polystyrene A549 alveolar epithelial cells air pollutants |
| title | A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air |
| title_full | A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air |
| title_fullStr | A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air |
| title_full_unstemmed | A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air |
| title_short | A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air |
| title_sort | a549 as an in vitro model to evaluate the impact of microplastics in the air |
| topic | nanoplastics polystyrene A549 alveolar epithelial cells air pollutants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/9/1243 |
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