SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Abstract The uniformity of water application is an important factor in the evaluation of sprinkler irrigation systems. This uniformity depends on the type of sprinkler and its operating conditions, such as the arrangement and spacing between the sprinklers in the area; velocity and wind direction du...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Engenharia Agrícola |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/pdf/eagri/v38n2/1809-4430-eagri-38-02-0188.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819007504247422976 |
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| author | Jorge T. Tamagi Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo Marcio A. Vilas Boas Jerry A. Johann Luciana P. C. Guedes |
| author_facet | Jorge T. Tamagi Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo Marcio A. Vilas Boas Jerry A. Johann Luciana P. C. Guedes |
| author_sort | Jorge T. Tamagi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The uniformity of water application is an important factor in the evaluation of sprinkler irrigation systems. This uniformity depends on the type of sprinkler and its operating conditions, such as the arrangement and spacing between the sprinklers in the area; velocity and wind direction during the period of water application and the pressure variation of the irrigation system. The objective of this study was to model, analyze and compare the structure of spatial dependence, as well as the spatial variability of the water depths applied by a sprinkler irrigation system with compensating and non-compensating sprinklers, using geostatistical methods and measurements of accuracy or similarity between the applied water depth maps. The experiment was carried out in an agricultural area, in the city of Cascavel-Paraná-Brazil. A total area of 10 × 10 m was used, with 04 compensating and 04 non-compensating sprinklers installed at a height of 1.5 m. For each type of sprinkler, water levels were measured in 100 collectors spaced 1 × 1 m in the study area in 32 trials. On each test sprinkling was carried out for one hour. The conditions of wind, temperature and air humidity were evaluated at the beginning of each test and at 10-minute intervals with a climatological station. As the geostatistical analysis showed the existence of directional trends, the coordinates were incorporated as covariates to the linear spatial model in the study of the spatial dependence of the average depth of the irrigation water for the two types of sprinklers. The spatial dependence structure that best fits the data when using the compensating sprinklers was the Gaussian model and when the non-compensating sprinklers were used, it was the exponential model. The spatial variability maps of average irrigation water depth (mm) of the trials, obtained by universal kriging, revealed that for both sprinklers there was an increase in the mean level average values in the northwest-southeast direction (135° in the azimuth system) in the area under study, influenced by wind direction and velocity during the execution of the experiment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:25:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bac812ea41354ca2b1b90067821fc006 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0100-6916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:25:38Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engenharia Agrícola |
| spelling | doaj.art-bac812ea41354ca2b1b90067821fc0062022-12-21T19:22:00ZengSociedade Brasileira de Engenharia AgrícolaEngenharia Agrícola0100-69162018-04-0138218819610.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v38n2p188-196/2018SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMSJorge T. TamagiMiguel A. Uribe-OpazoMarcio A. Vilas BoasJerry A. JohannLuciana P. C. GuedesAbstract The uniformity of water application is an important factor in the evaluation of sprinkler irrigation systems. This uniformity depends on the type of sprinkler and its operating conditions, such as the arrangement and spacing between the sprinklers in the area; velocity and wind direction during the period of water application and the pressure variation of the irrigation system. The objective of this study was to model, analyze and compare the structure of spatial dependence, as well as the spatial variability of the water depths applied by a sprinkler irrigation system with compensating and non-compensating sprinklers, using geostatistical methods and measurements of accuracy or similarity between the applied water depth maps. The experiment was carried out in an agricultural area, in the city of Cascavel-Paraná-Brazil. A total area of 10 × 10 m was used, with 04 compensating and 04 non-compensating sprinklers installed at a height of 1.5 m. For each type of sprinkler, water levels were measured in 100 collectors spaced 1 × 1 m in the study area in 32 trials. On each test sprinkling was carried out for one hour. The conditions of wind, temperature and air humidity were evaluated at the beginning of each test and at 10-minute intervals with a climatological station. As the geostatistical analysis showed the existence of directional trends, the coordinates were incorporated as covariates to the linear spatial model in the study of the spatial dependence of the average depth of the irrigation water for the two types of sprinklers. The spatial dependence structure that best fits the data when using the compensating sprinklers was the Gaussian model and when the non-compensating sprinklers were used, it was the exponential model. The spatial variability maps of average irrigation water depth (mm) of the trials, obtained by universal kriging, revealed that for both sprinklers there was an increase in the mean level average values in the northwest-southeast direction (135° in the azimuth system) in the area under study, influenced by wind direction and velocity during the execution of the experiment.http://www.scielo.br/pdf/eagri/v38n2/1809-4430-eagri-38-02-0188.pdfcompensating sprinklersnoncompensating sprinklersspatial dependence |
| spellingShingle | Jorge T. Tamagi Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo Marcio A. Vilas Boas Jerry A. Johann Luciana P. C. Guedes SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Engenharia Agrícola compensating sprinklers noncompensating sprinklers spatial dependence |
| title | SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS |
| title_full | SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS |
| title_fullStr | SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS |
| title_full_unstemmed | SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS |
| title_short | SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE WATER DEPTH APPLIED BY FIXED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS |
| title_sort | spatial variability of the water depth applied by fixed sprinkler irrigation systems |
| topic | compensating sprinklers noncompensating sprinklers spatial dependence |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/pdf/eagri/v38n2/1809-4430-eagri-38-02-0188.pdf |
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