Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste
The tannery industry is renowned for the huge amount of toxic solid and liquid waste generated from the cleaning, fleshing, splitting, tanning, shaving and buffing of raw materials. Biomass briquettes are a proven way of generating energy from waste. This study investigates the development and chara...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Recycling |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/2/4/17 |
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| author | Imeh E. Onukak Ibrahim A. Mohammed-Dabo Alewo O. Ameh Stanley I.R. Okoduwa Opeoluwa O. Fasanya |
| author_facet | Imeh E. Onukak Ibrahim A. Mohammed-Dabo Alewo O. Ameh Stanley I.R. Okoduwa Opeoluwa O. Fasanya |
| author_sort | Imeh E. Onukak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The tannery industry is renowned for the huge amount of toxic solid and liquid waste generated from the cleaning, fleshing, splitting, tanning, shaving and buffing of raw materials. Biomass briquettes are a proven way of generating energy from waste. This study investigates the development and characterization of biomass briquettes from tannery solid wastes (TSWs). TSWs, which comprise hair, flesh, chrome shavings and buffing dust, were collected from a tannery in Kano, Nigeria, to formulate and characterize six briquettes. Scanning electron microscopy and proximate analysis were carried out on the samples. The six briquettes, comprising varying ratios of hair, flesh, chrome shavings and buffing dust, were molded and characterized. Thermal efficiency, durability and compressive strength, among other properties, were determined for the six briquette formulations. The briquettes developed had calorific values between 18.632 and 24.101 MJ/kg. Durability of the briquettes ranged from 98.12% to 99.77%. The energy values were within the range of 17.462–24.101 MJ/kg, which was comparable to other fuel sources such as sub-bituminous coal (20.000–24.730 MJ/kg). This study shows that TSWs can be used for fuel briquette production, which is a source of sustainable energy generation. It is environmentally friendly, cost effective and affordable compared to fossil fuel. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:43:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-badc171d375c405eba70ee9178948e6b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-4321 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:43:40Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Recycling |
| spelling | doaj.art-badc171d375c405eba70ee9178948e6b2022-12-21T19:00:06ZengMDPI AGRecycling2313-43212017-10-01241710.3390/recycling2040017recycling2040017Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid WasteImeh E. Onukak0Ibrahim A. Mohammed-Dabo1Alewo O. Ameh2Stanley I.R. Okoduwa3Opeoluwa O. Fasanya4Chemical and Bioremediation Unit, Directorate of Research and Development, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria 810221, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria 811104, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria 811104, NigeriaChemical and Bioremediation Unit, Directorate of Research and Development, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria 810221, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria 811104, NigeriaThe tannery industry is renowned for the huge amount of toxic solid and liquid waste generated from the cleaning, fleshing, splitting, tanning, shaving and buffing of raw materials. Biomass briquettes are a proven way of generating energy from waste. This study investigates the development and characterization of biomass briquettes from tannery solid wastes (TSWs). TSWs, which comprise hair, flesh, chrome shavings and buffing dust, were collected from a tannery in Kano, Nigeria, to formulate and characterize six briquettes. Scanning electron microscopy and proximate analysis were carried out on the samples. The six briquettes, comprising varying ratios of hair, flesh, chrome shavings and buffing dust, were molded and characterized. Thermal efficiency, durability and compressive strength, among other properties, were determined for the six briquette formulations. The briquettes developed had calorific values between 18.632 and 24.101 MJ/kg. Durability of the briquettes ranged from 98.12% to 99.77%. The energy values were within the range of 17.462–24.101 MJ/kg, which was comparable to other fuel sources such as sub-bituminous coal (20.000–24.730 MJ/kg). This study shows that TSWs can be used for fuel briquette production, which is a source of sustainable energy generation. It is environmentally friendly, cost effective and affordable compared to fossil fuel.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/2/4/17briquettebiomassenergyeffluentsfueltannery solid waste |
| spellingShingle | Imeh E. Onukak Ibrahim A. Mohammed-Dabo Alewo O. Ameh Stanley I.R. Okoduwa Opeoluwa O. Fasanya Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste Recycling briquette biomass energy effluents fuel tannery solid waste |
| title | Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste |
| title_full | Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste |
| title_fullStr | Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste |
| title_short | Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste |
| title_sort | production and characterization of biomass briquettes from tannery solid waste |
| topic | briquette biomass energy effluents fuel tannery solid waste |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/2/4/17 |
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