Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism
It is difficult to recognize specific fouling mechanisms due to the complexity of practical feed water, thus the current studies usually employ foulant surrogates to carry out research, such as alginate and xanthan gum. However, the representativeness of these surrogates is questionable. In this wor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/12/990 |
| _version_ | 1797502605606256640 |
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| author | Xianghao Meng Fukuan Wang Shujuan Meng Rui Wang Zhongyuan Mao Yue Li Meifeng Yu Xuye Wang Qian Zhao Linyan Yang |
| author_facet | Xianghao Meng Fukuan Wang Shujuan Meng Rui Wang Zhongyuan Mao Yue Li Meifeng Yu Xuye Wang Qian Zhao Linyan Yang |
| author_sort | Xianghao Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is difficult to recognize specific fouling mechanisms due to the complexity of practical feed water, thus the current studies usually employ foulant surrogates to carry out research, such as alginate and xanthan gum. However, the representativeness of these surrogates is questionable. In this work, the classical surrogates (i.e., alginate and xanthan gum) were systematically studied, and results showed that they behaved differently during filtration. For the mixture of alginate and xanthan gum, both filtration behaviors and adsorption tests performed by quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) indicated that alginate plays a leading role in fouling development. Furthermore, by examining the filtration behaviors of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from practical source water, it turns out that the gel layer formation is responsible for EPS fouling, and the properties of gel layer formed by EPS share more similarities with that formed from pectin instead of alginate. In addition, with the use of experimental data sets extracted from this study and our previous studies, a modeling method was established and tested by the support vector machine (SVM) to predict complex filtration behaviors. Results showed that the small differences of fouling mechanisms lying between alginate and pectin cannot be recognized by Hermia’s models, and SVM can show a discrimination as high as 76.92%. As such, SVM may be a powerful tool to predict complex filtration behaviors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:35:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bae09e60fa5844a1818053928551e952 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:35:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-bae09e60fa5844a1818053928551e9522023-11-23T09:30:55ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752021-12-01111299010.3390/membranes11120990Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling MechanismXianghao Meng0Fukuan Wang1Shujuan Meng2Rui Wang3Zhongyuan Mao4Yue Li5Meifeng Yu6Xuye Wang7Qian Zhao8Linyan Yang9School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, ChinaIt is difficult to recognize specific fouling mechanisms due to the complexity of practical feed water, thus the current studies usually employ foulant surrogates to carry out research, such as alginate and xanthan gum. However, the representativeness of these surrogates is questionable. In this work, the classical surrogates (i.e., alginate and xanthan gum) were systematically studied, and results showed that they behaved differently during filtration. For the mixture of alginate and xanthan gum, both filtration behaviors and adsorption tests performed by quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) indicated that alginate plays a leading role in fouling development. Furthermore, by examining the filtration behaviors of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from practical source water, it turns out that the gel layer formation is responsible for EPS fouling, and the properties of gel layer formed by EPS share more similarities with that formed from pectin instead of alginate. In addition, with the use of experimental data sets extracted from this study and our previous studies, a modeling method was established and tested by the support vector machine (SVM) to predict complex filtration behaviors. Results showed that the small differences of fouling mechanisms lying between alginate and pectin cannot be recognized by Hermia’s models, and SVM can show a discrimination as high as 76.92%. As such, SVM may be a powerful tool to predict complex filtration behaviors.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/12/990membrane foulingextracellular polymeric substancessurrogates of foulantssupport vector machine |
| spellingShingle | Xianghao Meng Fukuan Wang Shujuan Meng Rui Wang Zhongyuan Mao Yue Li Meifeng Yu Xuye Wang Qian Zhao Linyan Yang Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism Membranes membrane fouling extracellular polymeric substances surrogates of foulants support vector machine |
| title | Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism |
| title_full | Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism |
| title_fullStr | Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism |
| title_short | Novel Surrogates for Membrane Fouling and the Application of Support Vector Machine in Analyzing Fouling Mechanism |
| title_sort | novel surrogates for membrane fouling and the application of support vector machine in analyzing fouling mechanism |
| topic | membrane fouling extracellular polymeric substances surrogates of foulants support vector machine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/12/990 |
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