Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder
Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether muscle synergy differs between swimmers with and without swimmer's shoulder in the butterfly technique. Muscle synergies, which can assess muscle coordination, were analyzed using surface electromyography. Twenty elite swimmers were included in t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18624-8 |
| _version_ | 1811273555510296576 |
|---|---|
| author | Yuiko Matsuura Naoto Matsunaga Hiroshi Akuzawa Tsuyoshi Kojima Tomoki Oshikawa Satoshi Iizuka Keisuke Okuno Koji Kaneoka |
| author_facet | Yuiko Matsuura Naoto Matsunaga Hiroshi Akuzawa Tsuyoshi Kojima Tomoki Oshikawa Satoshi Iizuka Keisuke Okuno Koji Kaneoka |
| author_sort | Yuiko Matsuura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether muscle synergy differs between swimmers with and without swimmer's shoulder in the butterfly technique. Muscle synergies, which can assess muscle coordination, were analyzed using surface electromyography. Twenty elite swimmers were included in this study (swimmer's shoulder: n = 8; control: n = 12). The motions involved in executing the butterfly technique were classified into the early pull-through, late pull-through, and recovery phases. Muscle synergy data analyzed using the nonnegative matrix factorization method were compared between the two groups. The swimming velocities were 1.66 ± 0.09 m・s −1 and 1.69 ± 0.06 m・s −1 for the control and swimmer's shoulder groups, respectively. Four muscle synergies in both groups were identified: synergy #1, which was involved in the early pull; synergy #2, involved in the late pull; synergy #3, involved in the early recovery; and synergy #4, involved in pre- and posthand entry. Compared to the control group, the swimmer's shoulder group had a small contribution from the pectoralis major (p = 0.032) and a high contribution from the rectus femoris during the early pull phase (p = 0.036). In the late pull phase, the contribution of the lower trapezius muscle in the swimmer's shoulder group was low (p = 0.033), while the contribution of the upper trapezius muscle in the pre- and postentry phases was high (p = 0.032). In the rehabilitation of athletes with swimmer's shoulder, it is therefore important to introduce targeted muscle rehabilitation in each phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:01:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bae31bd0b4fd46b59f46d714924e2091 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:01:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-bae31bd0b4fd46b59f46d714924e20912022-12-22T03:13:02ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-011211910.1038/s41598-022-18624-8Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulderYuiko Matsuura0Naoto Matsunaga1Hiroshi Akuzawa2Tsuyoshi Kojima3Tomoki Oshikawa4Satoshi Iizuka5Keisuke Okuno6Koji Kaneoka7Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and WelfareGeneral Education Core Curriculum Division, Seigakuin UniversityDepartment of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and WelfareYamanashi Gakuin UniversityFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda UniversityDepartment of Sport Sciences, Japan Institute of Sport SciencesFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda UniversityFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda UniversityAbstract This study aimed to investigate whether muscle synergy differs between swimmers with and without swimmer's shoulder in the butterfly technique. Muscle synergies, which can assess muscle coordination, were analyzed using surface electromyography. Twenty elite swimmers were included in this study (swimmer's shoulder: n = 8; control: n = 12). The motions involved in executing the butterfly technique were classified into the early pull-through, late pull-through, and recovery phases. Muscle synergy data analyzed using the nonnegative matrix factorization method were compared between the two groups. The swimming velocities were 1.66 ± 0.09 m・s −1 and 1.69 ± 0.06 m・s −1 for the control and swimmer's shoulder groups, respectively. Four muscle synergies in both groups were identified: synergy #1, which was involved in the early pull; synergy #2, involved in the late pull; synergy #3, involved in the early recovery; and synergy #4, involved in pre- and posthand entry. Compared to the control group, the swimmer's shoulder group had a small contribution from the pectoralis major (p = 0.032) and a high contribution from the rectus femoris during the early pull phase (p = 0.036). In the late pull phase, the contribution of the lower trapezius muscle in the swimmer's shoulder group was low (p = 0.033), while the contribution of the upper trapezius muscle in the pre- and postentry phases was high (p = 0.032). In the rehabilitation of athletes with swimmer's shoulder, it is therefore important to introduce targeted muscle rehabilitation in each phase.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18624-8 |
| spellingShingle | Yuiko Matsuura Naoto Matsunaga Hiroshi Akuzawa Tsuyoshi Kojima Tomoki Oshikawa Satoshi Iizuka Keisuke Okuno Koji Kaneoka Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder Scientific Reports |
| title | Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder |
| title_full | Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder |
| title_fullStr | Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder |
| title_short | Difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer’s shoulder |
| title_sort | difference in muscle synergies of the butterfly technique with and without swimmer s shoulder |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18624-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuikomatsuura differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT naotomatsunaga differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT hiroshiakuzawa differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT tsuyoshikojima differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT tomokioshikawa differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT satoshiiizuka differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT keisukeokuno differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder AT kojikaneoka differenceinmusclesynergiesofthebutterflytechniquewithandwithoutswimmersshoulder |