Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis
Despite intensive research, the cause and a cure of multiple sclerosis (MS) have remained elusive and many aspects of the pathogenesis are not understood. Immunohistochemical experiments have shown that astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors are lost in MS. Because norepinephrine mediates important supp...
| Հիմնական հեղինակներ: | , , |
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| Ձևաչափ: | Հոդված |
| Լեզու: | English |
| Հրապարակվել է: |
Elsevier
2004-03-01
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| Շարք: | Neurobiology of Disease |
| Խորագրեր: | |
| Առցանց հասանելիություն: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103002481 |
| _version_ | 1828968324099211264 |
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| author | Jacques De Keyser Esther Zeinstra Nadine Wilczak |
| author_facet | Jacques De Keyser Esther Zeinstra Nadine Wilczak |
| author_sort | Jacques De Keyser |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite intensive research, the cause and a cure of multiple sclerosis (MS) have remained elusive and many aspects of the pathogenesis are not understood. Immunohistochemical experiments have shown that astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors are lost in MS. Because norepinephrine mediates important supportive and protective actions of astrocytes via activation of these β2-adrenergic receptors, we postulate that this abnormality may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of MS. First, it may allow astrocytes to act as facultative antigen-presenting cells, thereby initiating T-cell mediated inflammatory responses that lead to the characteristic demyelinated lesions. Second, it may contribute to inflammatory injury by stimulating the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines, and reducing glutamate uptake. Third, it may lead to apoptosis of oligodendrocytes by reducing the astrocytic production of trophic factors, including neuregulin, nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Fourth, it may impair astrocytic glycogenolysis, which supplies energy to axons, and this may represent a mechanism underlying axonal degeneration that is hold responsible for the progressive chronic disability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:09:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-baf566b9d2bc41159c51a2f30c1b9ab8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1095-953X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:09:30Z |
| publishDate | 2004-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurobiology of Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-baf566b9d2bc41159c51a2f30c1b9ab82022-12-21T23:01:48ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2004-03-01152331339Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosisJacques De Keyser0Esther Zeinstra1Nadine Wilczak2Department of Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsDespite intensive research, the cause and a cure of multiple sclerosis (MS) have remained elusive and many aspects of the pathogenesis are not understood. Immunohistochemical experiments have shown that astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors are lost in MS. Because norepinephrine mediates important supportive and protective actions of astrocytes via activation of these β2-adrenergic receptors, we postulate that this abnormality may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of MS. First, it may allow astrocytes to act as facultative antigen-presenting cells, thereby initiating T-cell mediated inflammatory responses that lead to the characteristic demyelinated lesions. Second, it may contribute to inflammatory injury by stimulating the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines, and reducing glutamate uptake. Third, it may lead to apoptosis of oligodendrocytes by reducing the astrocytic production of trophic factors, including neuregulin, nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Fourth, it may impair astrocytic glycogenolysis, which supplies energy to axons, and this may represent a mechanism underlying axonal degeneration that is hold responsible for the progressive chronic disability.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103002481Multiple sclerosisBeta2 adrenergic receptorsAstrocytesPathophysiology |
| spellingShingle | Jacques De Keyser Esther Zeinstra Nadine Wilczak Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis Neurobiology of Disease Multiple sclerosis Beta2 adrenergic receptors Astrocytes Pathophysiology |
| title | Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| title_full | Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| title_short | Astrocytic β2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| title_sort | astrocytic β2 adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis |
| topic | Multiple sclerosis Beta2 adrenergic receptors Astrocytes Pathophysiology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103002481 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jacquesdekeyser astrocyticb2adrenergicreceptorsandmultiplesclerosis AT estherzeinstra astrocyticb2adrenergicreceptorsandmultiplesclerosis AT nadinewilczak astrocyticb2adrenergicreceptorsandmultiplesclerosis |