Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit
Background Recanalization of cerebral large‐vessel occlusions (LVOs) by intravenous thrombolysis is infrequent but has been relatively unexplored with ultraearly treatment. We evaluated prehospital treatment with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a mobile stroke unit to explore the recanalizatio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/SVIN.121.000101 |
| _version_ | 1797948412179513344 |
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| author | Alexandra L. Czap Stephanie Parker Jose‐Miguel Yamal Mengxi Wang Noopur Singh Jinhao Zou Kenny Phan Suja S. Rajan James C. Grotta Ritvij Bowry |
| author_facet | Alexandra L. Czap Stephanie Parker Jose‐Miguel Yamal Mengxi Wang Noopur Singh Jinhao Zou Kenny Phan Suja S. Rajan James C. Grotta Ritvij Bowry |
| author_sort | Alexandra L. Czap |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Recanalization of cerebral large‐vessel occlusions (LVOs) by intravenous thrombolysis is infrequent but has been relatively unexplored with ultraearly treatment. We evaluated prehospital treatment with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a mobile stroke unit to explore the recanalization rate in patients with LVOs and its effect on early clinical improvement and long‐term disability. Methods Prospectively collected data were analyzed from Houston mobile stroke unit patients who were treated with tPA and had LVOs identified by either hyperdense arteries on computed tomography or arterial occlusion on computed tomography angiography while on board the mobile stroke unit. The primary outcome was immediate recanalization (IRC), categorized as resolution of LVO on repeat vascular imaging in the emergency department (ED) or on emergent angiography. The secondary outcome was change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline and modified Rankin score at 90 days. Results Sixty‐nine patients with anterior or posterior circulation LVOs were enrolled; the median time from last known normal to tPA bolus was 64.0 minutes (interquartile range, 52.0–89.0). Nineteen patients (28%) had IRC, with 11 based on computed tomography angiography on ED arrival and 8 based on first run of emergent angiography. Median time from tPA bolus to documentation of IRC was 61.0 minutes (interquartile range, 42.0–111.0). IRC was associated with improvement in median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline (17.0 [14.0–22.0]) to ED arrival (10.0 [5.5–16.5]) and to 24 hours (4.0 [0.5–10.5]). Of the non‐IRC patients, 41 had recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy and 9 did not receive recanalization. The IRC group, earlier last known normal to tPA bolus, greater baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and M1 and M2 middle cerebral artery occlusion locations were independently associated with greater improvement in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline to ED arrival. The 90‐day modified Rankin score distribution was best in the IRC group, followed by the delayed recanalization group, and both had significantly less disability than the no recanalization group (P=0.002). Conclusions Recanalization by ED arrival occured in 28% of patients with LVO who received tPA treatment in a mobile stroke unit and results in early clinical improvement and less disability at 90 days. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:42:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-baf72e4e702b425e915eb21e75ae13be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2694-5746 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:42:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-baf72e4e702b425e915eb21e75ae13be2023-01-18T21:38:13ZengWileyStroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology2694-57462022-03-012210.1161/SVIN.121.000101Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke UnitAlexandra L. Czap0Stephanie Parker1Jose‐Miguel Yamal2Mengxi Wang3Noopur Singh4Jinhao Zou5Kenny Phan6Suja S. Rajan7James C. Grotta8Ritvij Bowry9Department of Neurology McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Neurology McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science School of Public Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science School of Public Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science School of Public Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science School of Public Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Neurology McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXDepartment of Management Policy and Community Health School of Public Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXMobile Stroke Unit and Stroke Research Clinical Innovation and Research Institute at the Memorial Hermann Hospital TXDepartment of Neurology McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston TXBackground Recanalization of cerebral large‐vessel occlusions (LVOs) by intravenous thrombolysis is infrequent but has been relatively unexplored with ultraearly treatment. We evaluated prehospital treatment with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a mobile stroke unit to explore the recanalization rate in patients with LVOs and its effect on early clinical improvement and long‐term disability. Methods Prospectively collected data were analyzed from Houston mobile stroke unit patients who were treated with tPA and had LVOs identified by either hyperdense arteries on computed tomography or arterial occlusion on computed tomography angiography while on board the mobile stroke unit. The primary outcome was immediate recanalization (IRC), categorized as resolution of LVO on repeat vascular imaging in the emergency department (ED) or on emergent angiography. The secondary outcome was change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline and modified Rankin score at 90 days. Results Sixty‐nine patients with anterior or posterior circulation LVOs were enrolled; the median time from last known normal to tPA bolus was 64.0 minutes (interquartile range, 52.0–89.0). Nineteen patients (28%) had IRC, with 11 based on computed tomography angiography on ED arrival and 8 based on first run of emergent angiography. Median time from tPA bolus to documentation of IRC was 61.0 minutes (interquartile range, 42.0–111.0). IRC was associated with improvement in median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline (17.0 [14.0–22.0]) to ED arrival (10.0 [5.5–16.5]) and to 24 hours (4.0 [0.5–10.5]). Of the non‐IRC patients, 41 had recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy and 9 did not receive recanalization. The IRC group, earlier last known normal to tPA bolus, greater baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and M1 and M2 middle cerebral artery occlusion locations were independently associated with greater improvement in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale from baseline to ED arrival. The 90‐day modified Rankin score distribution was best in the IRC group, followed by the delayed recanalization group, and both had significantly less disability than the no recanalization group (P=0.002). Conclusions Recanalization by ED arrival occured in 28% of patients with LVO who received tPA treatment in a mobile stroke unit and results in early clinical improvement and less disability at 90 days.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/SVIN.121.000101emergency medical serviceslarge‐vessel occlusionmobile stroke unitprehospitalrecanalizationstroke |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra L. Czap Stephanie Parker Jose‐Miguel Yamal Mengxi Wang Noopur Singh Jinhao Zou Kenny Phan Suja S. Rajan James C. Grotta Ritvij Bowry Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology emergency medical services large‐vessel occlusion mobile stroke unit prehospital recanalization stroke |
| title | Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit |
| title_full | Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit |
| title_fullStr | Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit |
| title_short | Immediate Recanalization of Large‐Vessel Occlusions by Tissue Plasminogen Activator Occurs in 28% of Patients Treated in a Mobile Stroke Unit |
| title_sort | immediate recanalization of large vessel occlusions by tissue plasminogen activator occurs in 28 of patients treated in a mobile stroke unit |
| topic | emergency medical services large‐vessel occlusion mobile stroke unit prehospital recanalization stroke |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/SVIN.121.000101 |
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