Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site.
Brazilian coastal archaeology is renowned for its numerous and large shellmounds (sambaquis), which had been continuously occupied from at least 8000 to 1000 years cal BP. However, changes in their structure and material culture in the late Holocene have led to different hypotheses concerning their...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300684 |
| _version_ | 1797242842701103104 |
|---|---|
| author | Jessica Mendes Cardoso Fabiana Merencio Ximena Villagran Veronica Wesolowski Renata Estevam Benjamin T Fuller Paulo DeBlasis Simon Pierre-Gilson Danaé Guiserix Pauline Méjean Levy Figuti Deisi Farias Geovan Guimaraes Andre Strauss Klervia Jaouen |
| author_facet | Jessica Mendes Cardoso Fabiana Merencio Ximena Villagran Veronica Wesolowski Renata Estevam Benjamin T Fuller Paulo DeBlasis Simon Pierre-Gilson Danaé Guiserix Pauline Méjean Levy Figuti Deisi Farias Geovan Guimaraes Andre Strauss Klervia Jaouen |
| author_sort | Jessica Mendes Cardoso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brazilian coastal archaeology is renowned for its numerous and large shellmounds (sambaquis), which had been continuously occupied from at least 8000 to 1000 years cal BP. However, changes in their structure and material culture in the late Holocene have led to different hypotheses concerning their ecological and cultural changes. The archaeological site Galheta IV (ca. 1300 to 500 years cal BP) offers new insights into the complexity of the late coastal occupation in southern Brazil. Our attempt was to determine whether Galheta IV can be classified as a sambaqui site, or if it belongs to a Southern proto-Jê settlement. Here, we reassessed Galheta's collections and applied a multi-proxy approach using: new 14C dates, zooarchaeology, δ13C and δ15N isotopes in bulk collagen and 87Sr/86Srenamel isotopic ratios from eight human individuals, ceramics analysis, and FTIR. The results indicate an intense exploitation of marine resources, with an area designated for processing animals located at the opposite side of the funerary areas. Bone tools and specific species of animals were found as burial accompaniments. No evidence of human cremations was detected. 87Sr/86Sr results indicate that the eight human individuals always lived on the coast, and did not come from the inland. The pottery analysis confirms the association with Itararé-Taquara, but contrary to what was assumed by previous studies, the pottery seems related to other coastal sites, and not to the highlands. In light of these findings, we propose that Galheta IV can be considered a funerary mound resulting from long and continuous interactions between shellmound and Southern proto-Jê populations. This study not only enhances our understanding of the late coastal occupation dynamics in southern Brazil but also underscores its importance in reshaping current interpretations of shellmound cultural changes over time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:45:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bafc9e9309394013942d48ab2e0203e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:45:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-bafc9e9309394013942d48ab2e0203e12024-03-27T05:32:49ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-01193e030068410.1371/journal.pone.0300684Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site.Jessica Mendes CardosoFabiana MerencioXimena VillagranVeronica WesolowskiRenata EstevamBenjamin T FullerPaulo DeBlasisSimon Pierre-GilsonDanaé GuiserixPauline MéjeanLevy FigutiDeisi FariasGeovan GuimaraesAndre StraussKlervia JaouenBrazilian coastal archaeology is renowned for its numerous and large shellmounds (sambaquis), which had been continuously occupied from at least 8000 to 1000 years cal BP. However, changes in their structure and material culture in the late Holocene have led to different hypotheses concerning their ecological and cultural changes. The archaeological site Galheta IV (ca. 1300 to 500 years cal BP) offers new insights into the complexity of the late coastal occupation in southern Brazil. Our attempt was to determine whether Galheta IV can be classified as a sambaqui site, or if it belongs to a Southern proto-Jê settlement. Here, we reassessed Galheta's collections and applied a multi-proxy approach using: new 14C dates, zooarchaeology, δ13C and δ15N isotopes in bulk collagen and 87Sr/86Srenamel isotopic ratios from eight human individuals, ceramics analysis, and FTIR. The results indicate an intense exploitation of marine resources, with an area designated for processing animals located at the opposite side of the funerary areas. Bone tools and specific species of animals were found as burial accompaniments. No evidence of human cremations was detected. 87Sr/86Sr results indicate that the eight human individuals always lived on the coast, and did not come from the inland. The pottery analysis confirms the association with Itararé-Taquara, but contrary to what was assumed by previous studies, the pottery seems related to other coastal sites, and not to the highlands. In light of these findings, we propose that Galheta IV can be considered a funerary mound resulting from long and continuous interactions between shellmound and Southern proto-Jê populations. This study not only enhances our understanding of the late coastal occupation dynamics in southern Brazil but also underscores its importance in reshaping current interpretations of shellmound cultural changes over time.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300684 |
| spellingShingle | Jessica Mendes Cardoso Fabiana Merencio Ximena Villagran Veronica Wesolowski Renata Estevam Benjamin T Fuller Paulo DeBlasis Simon Pierre-Gilson Danaé Guiserix Pauline Méjean Levy Figuti Deisi Farias Geovan Guimaraes Andre Strauss Klervia Jaouen Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. PLoS ONE |
| title | Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. |
| title_full | Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. |
| title_fullStr | Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. |
| title_short | Late shellmound occupation in southern Brazil: A multi-proxy study of the Galheta IV archaeological site. |
| title_sort | late shellmound occupation in southern brazil a multi proxy study of the galheta iv archaeological site |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300684 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jessicamendescardoso lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT fabianamerencio lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT ximenavillagran lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT veronicawesolowski lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT renataestevam lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT benjamintfuller lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT paulodeblasis lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT simonpierregilson lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT danaeguiserix lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT paulinemejean lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT levyfiguti lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT deisifarias lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT geovanguimaraes lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT andrestrauss lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite AT klerviajaouen lateshellmoundoccupationinsouthernbrazilamultiproxystudyofthegalhetaivarchaeologicalsite |