Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin
Influenza continues to be a public health threat despite the availability of annual vaccines. While vaccines are generally effective at inducing strain-specific immunity, they are sub-optimal or ineffective when drifted or novel pandemic strains arise due to sequence changes in the major surface gly...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/382 |
| _version_ | 1797562643581501440 |
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| author | Sabari Nath Neerukonda Russell Vassell Carol D. Weiss |
| author_facet | Sabari Nath Neerukonda Russell Vassell Carol D. Weiss |
| author_sort | Sabari Nath Neerukonda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Influenza continues to be a public health threat despite the availability of annual vaccines. While vaccines are generally effective at inducing strain-specific immunity, they are sub-optimal or ineffective when drifted or novel pandemic strains arise due to sequence changes in the major surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA). The discovery of a large number of antibodies targeting the highly conserved stem region of HAs that are capable of potently neutralizing a broad range of virus strains and subtypes suggests new ways to protect against influenza. The structural characterization of HA stem epitopes and broadly neutralizing antibody paratopes has enabled the design of novel proteins, mini-proteins, and peptides targeting the HA stem, thus providing a foundation for the design of new vaccines. In this narrative, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about stem-directed broadly neutralizing antibodies and the structural features contributing to virus neutralization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:31:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bafd34a2a509466fa162abeedceae014 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:31:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-bafd34a2a509466fa162abeedceae0142023-11-20T06:33:17ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-07-018338210.3390/vaccines8030382Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza HemagglutininSabari Nath Neerukonda0Russell Vassell1Carol D. Weiss2Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USACenter for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USACenter for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAInfluenza continues to be a public health threat despite the availability of annual vaccines. While vaccines are generally effective at inducing strain-specific immunity, they are sub-optimal or ineffective when drifted or novel pandemic strains arise due to sequence changes in the major surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA). The discovery of a large number of antibodies targeting the highly conserved stem region of HAs that are capable of potently neutralizing a broad range of virus strains and subtypes suggests new ways to protect against influenza. The structural characterization of HA stem epitopes and broadly neutralizing antibody paratopes has enabled the design of novel proteins, mini-proteins, and peptides targeting the HA stem, thus providing a foundation for the design of new vaccines. In this narrative, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about stem-directed broadly neutralizing antibodies and the structural features contributing to virus neutralization.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/382influenzahemagglutininbroadly neutralizing antibodiesuniversal influenza vaccines |
| spellingShingle | Sabari Nath Neerukonda Russell Vassell Carol D. Weiss Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin Vaccines influenza hemagglutinin broadly neutralizing antibodies universal influenza vaccines |
| title | Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin |
| title_full | Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin |
| title_fullStr | Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin |
| title_short | Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin |
| title_sort | neutralizing antibodies targeting the conserved stem region of influenza hemagglutinin |
| topic | influenza hemagglutinin broadly neutralizing antibodies universal influenza vaccines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/382 |
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