Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass
BackgroundMyocardial fibrosis quantified by myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and left ventricular mass (LVM) index (LVMI) measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance might represent independent and opposing contributors to ECG voltage measures of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). D...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.003795 |
| _version_ | 1819178615422582784 |
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| author | Maren Maanja Björn Wieslander Todd T. Schlegel Ljuba Bacharova Hussein Abu Daya Yaron Fridman Timothy C. Wong Erik B. Schelbert Martin Ugander |
| author_facet | Maren Maanja Björn Wieslander Todd T. Schlegel Ljuba Bacharova Hussein Abu Daya Yaron Fridman Timothy C. Wong Erik B. Schelbert Martin Ugander |
| author_sort | Maren Maanja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundMyocardial fibrosis quantified by myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and left ventricular mass (LVM) index (LVMI) measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance might represent independent and opposing contributors to ECG voltage measures of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Diffuse myocardial fibrosis can occur in LVH and interfere with ECG voltage measures. This phenomenon could explain the decreased sensitivity of LVH detectable by ECG, a fundamental diagnostic tool in cardiology. Methods and ResultsWe identified 77 patients (median age, 53 [interquartile range, 26–60] years; 49% female) referred for contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance with ECV measures and 12‐lead ECG. Exclusion criteria included clinical confounders that might influence ECG measures of LVH. We evaluated ECG voltage‐based LVH measures, including Sokolow‐Lyon index, Cornell voltage, 12‐lead voltage, and the vectorcardiogram spatial QRS voltage, with respect to LVMI and ECV. ECV and LVMI were not correlated (R2=0.02; P=0.25). For all voltage‐related parameters, higher LVMI resulted in greater voltage (r=0.33–0.49; P<0.05 for all), whereas increased ECV resulted in lower voltage (r=−0.32 to −0.57; P<0.05 for all). When accounting for body fat, LV end‐diastolic volume, and mass‐to‐volume ratio, both LVMI (β=0.58, P=0.03) and ECV (β=−0.46, P<0.001) were independent predictors of QRS voltage (multivariate adjusted R2=0.39; P<0.001). ConclusionsMyocardial mass and diffuse myocardial fibrosis have independent and opposing effects upon ECG voltage measures of LVH. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis quantified by ECV can obscure the ECG manifestations of increased LVM. This provides mechanistic insight, which can explain the limited sensitivity of the ECG for detecting increased LVM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:45:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb0bb374d6744438813945ca238fdaf9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:45:22Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb0bb374d6744438813945ca238fdaf92022-12-21T18:11:30ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802017-01-016110.1161/JAHA.116.003795Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular MassMaren Maanja0Björn Wieslander1Todd T. Schlegel2Ljuba Bacharova3Hussein Abu Daya4Yaron Fridman5Timothy C. Wong6Erik B. Schelbert7Martin Ugander8Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenInternational Laser Center, Bratislava, Slovak RepublicDepartment of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PADepartment of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PADepartment of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PADepartment of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PADepartment of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenBackgroundMyocardial fibrosis quantified by myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and left ventricular mass (LVM) index (LVMI) measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance might represent independent and opposing contributors to ECG voltage measures of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Diffuse myocardial fibrosis can occur in LVH and interfere with ECG voltage measures. This phenomenon could explain the decreased sensitivity of LVH detectable by ECG, a fundamental diagnostic tool in cardiology. Methods and ResultsWe identified 77 patients (median age, 53 [interquartile range, 26–60] years; 49% female) referred for contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance with ECV measures and 12‐lead ECG. Exclusion criteria included clinical confounders that might influence ECG measures of LVH. We evaluated ECG voltage‐based LVH measures, including Sokolow‐Lyon index, Cornell voltage, 12‐lead voltage, and the vectorcardiogram spatial QRS voltage, with respect to LVMI and ECV. ECV and LVMI were not correlated (R2=0.02; P=0.25). For all voltage‐related parameters, higher LVMI resulted in greater voltage (r=0.33–0.49; P<0.05 for all), whereas increased ECV resulted in lower voltage (r=−0.32 to −0.57; P<0.05 for all). When accounting for body fat, LV end‐diastolic volume, and mass‐to‐volume ratio, both LVMI (β=0.58, P=0.03) and ECV (β=−0.46, P<0.001) were independent predictors of QRS voltage (multivariate adjusted R2=0.39; P<0.001). ConclusionsMyocardial mass and diffuse myocardial fibrosis have independent and opposing effects upon ECG voltage measures of LVH. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis quantified by ECV can obscure the ECG manifestations of increased LVM. This provides mechanistic insight, which can explain the limited sensitivity of the ECG for detecting increased LVM.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.003795electrocardiographyextracellular matrixhypertrophyleft ventricularmagnetic resonance imaging |
| spellingShingle | Maren Maanja Björn Wieslander Todd T. Schlegel Ljuba Bacharova Hussein Abu Daya Yaron Fridman Timothy C. Wong Erik B. Schelbert Martin Ugander Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease electrocardiography extracellular matrix hypertrophy left ventricular magnetic resonance imaging |
| title | Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass |
| title_full | Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass |
| title_fullStr | Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass |
| title_short | Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis Reduces Electrocardiographic Voltage Measures of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Independent of Left Ventricular Mass |
| title_sort | diffuse myocardial fibrosis reduces electrocardiographic voltage measures of left ventricular hypertrophy independent of left ventricular mass |
| topic | electrocardiography extracellular matrix hypertrophy left ventricular magnetic resonance imaging |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.003795 |
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