Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults
The aim of the study was to develop a simple submaximal walk test protocol and equation using heart rate (HR) response variables to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>max). A total of 60 healthy adults were recruited to test the validity of 3 min walk tests (3MWT). VO<s...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5726 |
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| author | Hyuk In Yang Wonhee Cho Dong Hoon Lee Sang-Hoon Suh Justin Y. Jeon |
| author_facet | Hyuk In Yang Wonhee Cho Dong Hoon Lee Sang-Hoon Suh Justin Y. Jeon |
| author_sort | Hyuk In Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of the study was to develop a simple submaximal walk test protocol and equation using heart rate (HR) response variables to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>max). A total of 60 healthy adults were recruited to test the validity of 3 min walk tests (3MWT). VO<sub>2</sub>max and HR responses during the 3MWTs were measured. Multiple regression analysis was used to develop prediction equations. As a result, HR response variables including resting HR and HR during walking and recovery at two different cadences were significantly correlated with VO<sub>2</sub>max. The equations developed using multiple regression analyses were able to predict VO<sub>2</sub>max values (r = 0.75–0.84; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.57–0.70; standard error of estimate (SEE) = 4.80–5.25 mL/kg/min). The equation that predicted VO<sub>2</sub>max the best was at the cadence of 120 steps per minute, which included sex; age; height; weight; body mass index; resting HR; HR at 1 min, 2 min and 3 min; HR recovery at 1 min and 2 min; and other HR variables calculated based on these measured HR variables (r = 0.84; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.70; SEE = 4.80 mL/kg/min). In conclusion, the 3MWT developed in this study is a safe and practical submaximal exercise protocol for healthy adults to predict VO<sub>2</sub>max accurately, even compared to the well-established submaximal exercise protocols, and merits further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:05:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb113d17b1d2473f905e640359fcc558 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:05:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb113d17b1d2473f905e640359fcc5582023-11-22T11:11:24ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-08-012117572610.3390/s21175726Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy AdultsHyuk In Yang0Wonhee Cho1Dong Hoon Lee2Sang-Hoon Suh3Justin Y. Jeon4Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, ICONS, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaExercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, ICONS, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USADepartment of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaExercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, ICONS, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaThe aim of the study was to develop a simple submaximal walk test protocol and equation using heart rate (HR) response variables to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>max). A total of 60 healthy adults were recruited to test the validity of 3 min walk tests (3MWT). VO<sub>2</sub>max and HR responses during the 3MWTs were measured. Multiple regression analysis was used to develop prediction equations. As a result, HR response variables including resting HR and HR during walking and recovery at two different cadences were significantly correlated with VO<sub>2</sub>max. The equations developed using multiple regression analyses were able to predict VO<sub>2</sub>max values (r = 0.75–0.84; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.57–0.70; standard error of estimate (SEE) = 4.80–5.25 mL/kg/min). The equation that predicted VO<sub>2</sub>max the best was at the cadence of 120 steps per minute, which included sex; age; height; weight; body mass index; resting HR; HR at 1 min, 2 min and 3 min; HR recovery at 1 min and 2 min; and other HR variables calculated based on these measured HR variables (r = 0.84; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.70; SEE = 4.80 mL/kg/min). In conclusion, the 3MWT developed in this study is a safe and practical submaximal exercise protocol for healthy adults to predict VO<sub>2</sub>max accurately, even compared to the well-established submaximal exercise protocols, and merits further investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5726submaximal exercise protocolmaximal oxygen consumptioncardiopulmonary fitnessheart ratewalk test |
| spellingShingle | Hyuk In Yang Wonhee Cho Dong Hoon Lee Sang-Hoon Suh Justin Y. Jeon Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults Sensors submaximal exercise protocol maximal oxygen consumption cardiopulmonary fitness heart rate walk test |
| title | Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults |
| title_full | Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults |
| title_fullStr | Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults |
| title_short | Development of a New Submaximal Walk Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Adults |
| title_sort | development of a new submaximal walk test to predict maximal oxygen consumption in healthy adults |
| topic | submaximal exercise protocol maximal oxygen consumption cardiopulmonary fitness heart rate walk test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5726 |
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