Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy
The treatment process of tumor is advanced with the development of immunotherapy. In clinical experience, immunotherapy has achieved very significant results. However, the application of immunotherapy is limited by a variety of immune microenvironment. For a long time in the past, polysaccharides su...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621813/full |
| _version_ | 1818951099093090304 |
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| author | Ye Li Xiaomin Wang Xiaoran Ma Cun Liu Jibiao Wu Changgang Sun Changgang Sun |
| author_facet | Ye Li Xiaomin Wang Xiaoran Ma Cun Liu Jibiao Wu Changgang Sun Changgang Sun |
| author_sort | Ye Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The treatment process of tumor is advanced with the development of immunotherapy. In clinical experience, immunotherapy has achieved very significant results. However, the application of immunotherapy is limited by a variety of immune microenvironment. For a long time in the past, polysaccharides such as lentinan and Ganoderma lucidum glycopeptide have been used in clinic as adjuvant drugs to widely improve the immunity of the body. However, their mechanism in tumor immunotherapy has not been deeply discussed. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides can stimulate innate immunity by activating upstream immune cells so as to regulate adaptive immune pathways such as T cells and improve the effect of immunotherapy, suggesting that polysaccharides also have a promising future in cancer therapy. This review systematically discusses that polysaccharides can directly or indirectly activate macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells etc., binding to their surface receptors, inducing PI3K/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Notch and other pathways, promote their proliferation and differentiation, increasing the secretion of cytokines, and improve the state of immune suppression. These results provide relevant basis for guiding polysaccharide to be used as adjuvants of cancer immunotherapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:29:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb1970017f544d68b113ceb1316f5cc9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:29:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb1970017f544d68b113ceb1316f5cc92022-12-21T19:45:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122021-04-011210.3389/fphar.2021.621813621813Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor ImmunotherapyYe Li0Xiaomin Wang1Xiaoran Ma2Cun Liu3Jibiao Wu4Changgang Sun5Changgang Sun6College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaCollege of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaCollege of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaCollege of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaCollege of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaQingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, ChinaDepartment of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, ChinaThe treatment process of tumor is advanced with the development of immunotherapy. In clinical experience, immunotherapy has achieved very significant results. However, the application of immunotherapy is limited by a variety of immune microenvironment. For a long time in the past, polysaccharides such as lentinan and Ganoderma lucidum glycopeptide have been used in clinic as adjuvant drugs to widely improve the immunity of the body. However, their mechanism in tumor immunotherapy has not been deeply discussed. Studies have shown that natural polysaccharides can stimulate innate immunity by activating upstream immune cells so as to regulate adaptive immune pathways such as T cells and improve the effect of immunotherapy, suggesting that polysaccharides also have a promising future in cancer therapy. This review systematically discusses that polysaccharides can directly or indirectly activate macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells etc., binding to their surface receptors, inducing PI3K/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Notch and other pathways, promote their proliferation and differentiation, increasing the secretion of cytokines, and improve the state of immune suppression. These results provide relevant basis for guiding polysaccharide to be used as adjuvants of cancer immunotherapy.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621813/fullnatural polysaccharidestumor immunotherapyantigen presenting cellsnatural killer cellsnatural adjuvant |
| spellingShingle | Ye Li Xiaomin Wang Xiaoran Ma Cun Liu Jibiao Wu Changgang Sun Changgang Sun Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy Frontiers in Pharmacology natural polysaccharides tumor immunotherapy antigen presenting cells natural killer cells natural adjuvant |
| title | Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Natural Polysaccharides and Their Derivates: A Promising Natural Adjuvant for Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | natural polysaccharides and their derivates a promising natural adjuvant for tumor immunotherapy |
| topic | natural polysaccharides tumor immunotherapy antigen presenting cells natural killer cells natural adjuvant |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621813/full |
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