In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production
The recycled paper and board industry needs to improve the quality of their products to meet customer demands. The refining process and strength additives are commonly used to increase mechanical properties. Interfiber bonding can also be improved using cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A circular economy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1800 |
| _version_ | 1818286153323773952 |
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| author | Ana Balea Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador M. Concepcion Monte Noemi Merayo Carlos Negro Angeles Blanco |
| author_facet | Ana Balea Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador M. Concepcion Monte Noemi Merayo Carlos Negro Angeles Blanco |
| author_sort | Ana Balea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The recycled paper and board industry needs to improve the quality of their products to meet customer demands. The refining process and strength additives are commonly used to increase mechanical properties. Interfiber bonding can also be improved using cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A circular economy approach in the industrial implementation of CNF can be addressed through the in situ production of CNF using side cellulose streams of the process as raw material, avoiding transportation costs and reducing industrial wastes. Furthermore, CNF fit for use can be produced for specific industrial applications.This study evaluates the feasibility of using two types of recycled fibers, simulating the broke streams of two paper machines producing newsprint and liner for cartonboard, to produce in situ CNF for direct application on the original pulps, old newsprint (ONP), and old corrugated container (OCC), and to reinforce the final products. The CNF were obtained by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and homogenization at 600 bar. Handsheets were prepared with disintegrated recycled pulp and different amounts of CNF using a conventional three-component retention system. Results show that 3 wt.% of CNF produced with 10 mmol of NaClO per gram of dry pulp improve tensile index of ONP ~30%. For OCC, the same treatment and CNF dose increase tensile index above 60%. In both cases, CNF cause a deterioration of drainage, but this effect is effectively counteracted by optimising the retention system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:20:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb4810d266294e04865943efdbd5e7ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:20:04Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb4810d266294e04865943efdbd5e7ec2022-12-22T00:04:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-05-01249180010.3390/molecules24091800molecules24091800In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper ProductionAna Balea0Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador1M. Concepcion Monte2Noemi Merayo3Carlos Negro4Angeles Blanco5Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainThe recycled paper and board industry needs to improve the quality of their products to meet customer demands. The refining process and strength additives are commonly used to increase mechanical properties. Interfiber bonding can also be improved using cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A circular economy approach in the industrial implementation of CNF can be addressed through the in situ production of CNF using side cellulose streams of the process as raw material, avoiding transportation costs and reducing industrial wastes. Furthermore, CNF fit for use can be produced for specific industrial applications.This study evaluates the feasibility of using two types of recycled fibers, simulating the broke streams of two paper machines producing newsprint and liner for cartonboard, to produce in situ CNF for direct application on the original pulps, old newsprint (ONP), and old corrugated container (OCC), and to reinforce the final products. The CNF were obtained by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and homogenization at 600 bar. Handsheets were prepared with disintegrated recycled pulp and different amounts of CNF using a conventional three-component retention system. Results show that 3 wt.% of CNF produced with 10 mmol of NaClO per gram of dry pulp improve tensile index of ONP ~30%. For OCC, the same treatment and CNF dose increase tensile index above 60%. In both cases, CNF cause a deterioration of drainage, but this effect is effectively counteracted by optimising the retention system.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1800nanocellulosecellulose nanofibersrecycled papermechanical propertiesdrainageretentioncircular economy |
| spellingShingle | Ana Balea Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador M. Concepcion Monte Noemi Merayo Carlos Negro Angeles Blanco In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production Molecules nanocellulose cellulose nanofibers recycled paper mechanical properties drainage retention circular economy |
| title | In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production |
| title_full | In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production |
| title_fullStr | In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production |
| title_short | In Situ Production and Application of Cellulose Nanofibers to Improve Recycled Paper Production |
| title_sort | in situ production and application of cellulose nanofibers to improve recycled paper production |
| topic | nanocellulose cellulose nanofibers recycled paper mechanical properties drainage retention circular economy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1800 |
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