Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry is one of the most effective methods for capturing a terrain in smaller areas. Capturing a steep terrain is more complex than capturing a flat terrain. To fly a mission in steep rugged terrain, a ground control station with a terrain following mode is req...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/8/1293 |
| _version_ | 1797570205562437632 |
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| author | Klemen Kozmus Trajkovski Dejan Grigillo Dušan Petrovič |
| author_facet | Klemen Kozmus Trajkovski Dejan Grigillo Dušan Petrovič |
| author_sort | Klemen Kozmus Trajkovski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry is one of the most effective methods for capturing a terrain in smaller areas. Capturing a steep terrain is more complex than capturing a flat terrain. To fly a mission in steep rugged terrain, a ground control station with a terrain following mode is required, and a quality digital elevation model (DEM) of the terrain is needed. The methods and results of capturing such terrain were analyzed as part of the Belca rockfall surveys. In addition to the national digital terrain model (NDTM), two customized DEMs were developed to optimize the photogrammetric survey of the steep terrain with oblique images. Flight heights and slant distances between camera projection centers and terrain are analyzed in the article. Some issues were identified and discussed, namely the vertical images in steep slopes and the steady decrease of UAV heights above ground level (AGL) with the increase of height above take-off (ATO) at 6%-8% rate. To compensate for the latter issue, the custom DEMs and NDTM were tilted. Based on our experience, the proposed optimal method for capturing the steep terrain is a combination of vertical and oblique UAV images. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:22:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb52f17ee1394239981719bad66cd743 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:22:32Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb52f17ee1394239981719bad66cd7432023-11-19T22:06:31ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-04-01128129310.3390/rs12081293Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep TerrainKlemen Kozmus Trajkovski0Dejan Grigillo1Dušan Petrovič2Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry is one of the most effective methods for capturing a terrain in smaller areas. Capturing a steep terrain is more complex than capturing a flat terrain. To fly a mission in steep rugged terrain, a ground control station with a terrain following mode is required, and a quality digital elevation model (DEM) of the terrain is needed. The methods and results of capturing such terrain were analyzed as part of the Belca rockfall surveys. In addition to the national digital terrain model (NDTM), two customized DEMs were developed to optimize the photogrammetric survey of the steep terrain with oblique images. Flight heights and slant distances between camera projection centers and terrain are analyzed in the article. Some issues were identified and discussed, namely the vertical images in steep slopes and the steady decrease of UAV heights above ground level (AGL) with the increase of height above take-off (ATO) at 6%-8% rate. To compensate for the latter issue, the custom DEMs and NDTM were tilted. Based on our experience, the proposed optimal method for capturing the steep terrain is a combination of vertical and oblique UAV images.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/8/1293UAVvertical imagesoblique imagessteep terrainrockfallDTM |
| spellingShingle | Klemen Kozmus Trajkovski Dejan Grigillo Dušan Petrovič Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain Remote Sensing UAV vertical images oblique images steep terrain rockfall DTM |
| title | Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain |
| title_full | Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain |
| title_short | Optimization of UAV Flight Missions in Steep Terrain |
| title_sort | optimization of uav flight missions in steep terrain |
| topic | UAV vertical images oblique images steep terrain rockfall DTM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/8/1293 |
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