| Summary: | This paper proposes a cooperative (Cx) coil design for the series-series-series (S-S-S)-compensated wireless power transfer (WPT) system to improve the horizontal misalignment tolerance and the system efficiency. The Cx coil is formed by four series-connected rectangular coils and integrated into the transmitter (Tx) coil to provide a coupling variation opposite to that of the Tx coil, obtaining the constant equivalent mutual inductance (MI). The design overcomes the problem that the decoupling-designed intermediate coil does not participate in system energy delivery under the well-aligned condition. A misalignment tolerant design with the zero-phase-angle (ZPA) input and load-independent constant current (CC) output conditions is presented based on the Delta-Wye network transform and linear regression. A comparison between the proposed design and a two-coil system using a similar amount of copper, i.e., the Tx coil plus the Cx coil, is made. Finally, a 218.08 W/85.85 kHz scaled-down prototype with the proposed Cx coil is demonstrated to validate the performance and effectiveness of the design. The proposed design can maintain at over 82% efficiency, and offer the ZPA input and load-independent CC output within a misalignment tolerant range of 50% of the length of the receiver coil, as the load varies from 10 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> to 25 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ω</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>.
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