Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation
Large-scale burning of rice straw causes air pollution and deterioration of soil health, which challenges the sustainability of the rice–wheat system (RWS) in north-western India. In a field experiment on sandy loam (<i>Typic Ustochrept</i>) soil at Punjab Agricultural University, India,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2774 |
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| author | Sandeep Sharma Swarnjeet Singh Manpreet Singh Arshdeep Singh Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Dwarika Bhattarai |
| author_facet | Sandeep Sharma Swarnjeet Singh Manpreet Singh Arshdeep Singh Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Dwarika Bhattarai |
| author_sort | Sandeep Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large-scale burning of rice straw causes air pollution and deterioration of soil health, which challenges the sustainability of the rice–wheat system (RWS) in north-western India. In a field experiment on sandy loam (<i>Typic Ustochrept</i>) soil at Punjab Agricultural University, India, with split plot design, effects of four nitrogen (N) levels (0, 90, 120, and 150 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>) in main plots and four levels of rice straw (RS) incorporation (0, 5, 7.5, and 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>) in wheat in sub-plots were studied after 7 years on carbon (C) pools at maximum tillering (MT) and flowering (FL) stages of wheat and crop yields. Rice straw (RS) incorporation at 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> with N application at 120 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> in wheat not only increased labile C pools significantly especially at MT but also increased the wheat yield compared with no straw incorporation. Principal component analysis suggests that total polysaccharide carbon, basal soil respiration, and pH can be used as sensitive parameters for assessing soil quality in RWS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb55d90d276547a383e688c4ac667d3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb55d90d276547a383e688c4ac667d3f2023-11-24T03:22:07ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-11-011211277410.3390/agronomy12112774Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw IncorporationSandeep Sharma0Swarnjeet Singh1Manpreet Singh2Arshdeep Singh3Hayssam M. Ali4Manzer H. Siddiqui5Dwarika Bhattarai6Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USALarge-scale burning of rice straw causes air pollution and deterioration of soil health, which challenges the sustainability of the rice–wheat system (RWS) in north-western India. In a field experiment on sandy loam (<i>Typic Ustochrept</i>) soil at Punjab Agricultural University, India, with split plot design, effects of four nitrogen (N) levels (0, 90, 120, and 150 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>) in main plots and four levels of rice straw (RS) incorporation (0, 5, 7.5, and 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>) in wheat in sub-plots were studied after 7 years on carbon (C) pools at maximum tillering (MT) and flowering (FL) stages of wheat and crop yields. Rice straw (RS) incorporation at 10 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> with N application at 120 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> in wheat not only increased labile C pools significantly especially at MT but also increased the wheat yield compared with no straw incorporation. Principal component analysis suggests that total polysaccharide carbon, basal soil respiration, and pH can be used as sensitive parameters for assessing soil quality in RWS.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2774carbon poolsrice straw incorporationbulk soilrhizosphere soilrice–wheat system |
| spellingShingle | Sandeep Sharma Swarnjeet Singh Manpreet Singh Arshdeep Singh Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Dwarika Bhattarai Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation Agronomy carbon pools rice straw incorporation bulk soil rhizosphere soil rice–wheat system |
| title | Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation |
| title_full | Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation |
| title_short | Changes in Wheat Rhizosphere Carbon Pools in Response to Nitrogen and Straw Incorporation |
| title_sort | changes in wheat rhizosphere carbon pools in response to nitrogen and straw incorporation |
| topic | carbon pools rice straw incorporation bulk soil rhizosphere soil rice–wheat system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2774 |
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