Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts
Dynamical controls on terahertz (THz) wavefronts are crucial for many applications, but available mechanism requests tunable elements with sub-micrometer sizes that are difficult to find in the THz regime. Here, different from the local-tuning mechanism, we propose an alternative approach to constru...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0801 |
| _version_ | 1797947917244301312 |
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| author | Li Qiushi Cai Xiaodong Liu Tong Jia Min Wu Qiong Zhou Haoyang Liu Huanhuan Wang Qianqian Ling Xiaohui Chen Cong Ding Fan He Qiong Zhang Yuanbo Xiao Shiyi Zhou Lei |
| author_facet | Li Qiushi Cai Xiaodong Liu Tong Jia Min Wu Qiong Zhou Haoyang Liu Huanhuan Wang Qianqian Ling Xiaohui Chen Cong Ding Fan He Qiong Zhang Yuanbo Xiao Shiyi Zhou Lei |
| author_sort | Li Qiushi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dynamical controls on terahertz (THz) wavefronts are crucial for many applications, but available mechanism requests tunable elements with sub-micrometer sizes that are difficult to find in the THz regime. Here, different from the local-tuning mechanism, we propose an alternative approach to construct wavefront-control meta-devices combining specifically designed metasurfaces and globally tuned graphene layers. Coupled-mode-theory (CMT) analyses reveal that graphene serves as a tunable loss to drive the whole meta-device to transit from one functional phase to another passing through an intermediate regime, exhibiting distinct far-field (FF) reflection wavefronts. As a proof of concept, we design/fabricate a graphene meta-device and experimentally demonstrate that it can reflect normally incident THz wave to pre-designed directions with different polarizations under appropriate gating voltages. We finally design a graphene meta-device and numerically demonstrate that it can generate vectorial THz beams with continuously varying polarization distributions upon gating. These findings pave the road to realizing a wide range of THz applications, such as sensing, imaging, and wireless communications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb5e86c676c949b6ac1f5f7cf10a2c05 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb5e86c676c949b6ac1f5f7cf10a2c052023-01-19T12:46:59ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142022-03-011192085209610.1515/nanoph-2021-0801Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefrontsLi Qiushi0Cai Xiaodong1Liu Tong2Jia Min3Wu Qiong4Zhou Haoyang5Liu Huanhuan6Wang Qianqian7Ling Xiaohui8Chen Cong9Ding Fan10He Qiong11Zhang Yuanbo12Xiao Shiyi13Zhou Lei14Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, ChinaKey Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, ChinaKey Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, ChinaCollege of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang421002, ChinaSchool of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, ChinaChina Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan430064, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaKey Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, ChinaDynamical controls on terahertz (THz) wavefronts are crucial for many applications, but available mechanism requests tunable elements with sub-micrometer sizes that are difficult to find in the THz regime. Here, different from the local-tuning mechanism, we propose an alternative approach to construct wavefront-control meta-devices combining specifically designed metasurfaces and globally tuned graphene layers. Coupled-mode-theory (CMT) analyses reveal that graphene serves as a tunable loss to drive the whole meta-device to transit from one functional phase to another passing through an intermediate regime, exhibiting distinct far-field (FF) reflection wavefronts. As a proof of concept, we design/fabricate a graphene meta-device and experimentally demonstrate that it can reflect normally incident THz wave to pre-designed directions with different polarizations under appropriate gating voltages. We finally design a graphene meta-device and numerically demonstrate that it can generate vectorial THz beams with continuously varying polarization distributions upon gating. These findings pave the road to realizing a wide range of THz applications, such as sensing, imaging, and wireless communications.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0801coupled mode theorygraphenemetasurfacesterahertzwavefront manipulations |
| spellingShingle | Li Qiushi Cai Xiaodong Liu Tong Jia Min Wu Qiong Zhou Haoyang Liu Huanhuan Wang Qianqian Ling Xiaohui Chen Cong Ding Fan He Qiong Zhang Yuanbo Xiao Shiyi Zhou Lei Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts Nanophotonics coupled mode theory graphene metasurfaces terahertz wavefront manipulations |
| title | Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| title_full | Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| title_fullStr | Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| title_short | Gate-tuned graphene meta-devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| title_sort | gate tuned graphene meta devices for dynamically controlling terahertz wavefronts |
| topic | coupled mode theory graphene metasurfaces terahertz wavefront manipulations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0801 |
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