Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants.
<h4>Background</h4>Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) may contribute to poor growth and development in young children. While validated EED biomarkers are currently lacking, multiplex assays are able to capture multiple domains of the condition. The purpose of this exploratory study...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011181 |
| _version_ | 1797860109522567168 |
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| author | Jacqueline M Lauer Miles A Kirby Alfa Muhihi Nzovu Ulenga Said Aboud Enju Liu Robert K M Choy Michael B Arndt Jianqun Kou Wafaie Fawzi Andrew Gewirtz Christopher R Sudfeld Karim P Manji Christopher P Duggan |
| author_facet | Jacqueline M Lauer Miles A Kirby Alfa Muhihi Nzovu Ulenga Said Aboud Enju Liu Robert K M Choy Michael B Arndt Jianqun Kou Wafaie Fawzi Andrew Gewirtz Christopher R Sudfeld Karim P Manji Christopher P Duggan |
| author_sort | Jacqueline M Lauer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) may contribute to poor growth and development in young children. While validated EED biomarkers are currently lacking, multiplex assays are able to capture multiple domains of the condition. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between biomarkers of EED and subsequent growth and development among Tanzanian HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants.<h4>Methodology</h4>We enrolled 467 infants of mothers living with HIV who had participated in a trial of vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy. Infant serum samples collected at 6 weeks (n = 365) and 6 months (n = 266) were analyzed for anti-flagellin and anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IgA and IgG via ELISA as well as the 11-plex Micronutrient and EED Assessment Tool (MEEDAT), which incorporates two biomarkers of EED [intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14)]. Outcomes were 12-month growth [length-for-age z-score (LAZ), weight-for-length z-score (WLZ), and weight-for-age z-score (WAZ)] and development [Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI) z-scores] and were assessed using linear regression.<h4>Findings</h4>In primary analyses, higher quartiles of 6-month anti-LPS IgG concentrations were significantly associated with lower LAZ at 12 months (ptrend = 0.040). In secondary analyses, higher log2-transformed 6-week anti-flagellin IgA and 6-month anti-LPS IgA concentrations were significantly associated with lower LAZ at 12 months. No associations were observed between I-FABP or sCD14 and infant growth. However, higher log2-transformed 6-week sCD14 concentrations were significantly associated with lower overall CREDI z-scores, while higher log2-transformed 6-month I-FABP concentrations were significantly associated with higher overall CREDI z-scores.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Unlike anti-flagellin and anti-LPS Igs, MEEDAT's biomarkers of EED (I-FABP and sCD14) were not associated with subsequent linear growth among HEU infants in Tanzania. The relationship between EED and infant development warrants further study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:41:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb5f9565f3b54a0b851aaf5bf6a39d35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:41:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb5f9565f3b54a0b851aaf5bf6a39d352023-03-26T05:32:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352023-03-01173e001118110.1371/journal.pntd.0011181Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants.Jacqueline M LauerMiles A KirbyAlfa MuhihiNzovu UlengaSaid AboudEnju LiuRobert K M ChoyMichael B ArndtJianqun KouWafaie FawziAndrew GewirtzChristopher R SudfeldKarim P ManjiChristopher P Duggan<h4>Background</h4>Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) may contribute to poor growth and development in young children. While validated EED biomarkers are currently lacking, multiplex assays are able to capture multiple domains of the condition. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between biomarkers of EED and subsequent growth and development among Tanzanian HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants.<h4>Methodology</h4>We enrolled 467 infants of mothers living with HIV who had participated in a trial of vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy. Infant serum samples collected at 6 weeks (n = 365) and 6 months (n = 266) were analyzed for anti-flagellin and anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IgA and IgG via ELISA as well as the 11-plex Micronutrient and EED Assessment Tool (MEEDAT), which incorporates two biomarkers of EED [intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14)]. Outcomes were 12-month growth [length-for-age z-score (LAZ), weight-for-length z-score (WLZ), and weight-for-age z-score (WAZ)] and development [Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI) z-scores] and were assessed using linear regression.<h4>Findings</h4>In primary analyses, higher quartiles of 6-month anti-LPS IgG concentrations were significantly associated with lower LAZ at 12 months (ptrend = 0.040). In secondary analyses, higher log2-transformed 6-week anti-flagellin IgA and 6-month anti-LPS IgA concentrations were significantly associated with lower LAZ at 12 months. No associations were observed between I-FABP or sCD14 and infant growth. However, higher log2-transformed 6-week sCD14 concentrations were significantly associated with lower overall CREDI z-scores, while higher log2-transformed 6-month I-FABP concentrations were significantly associated with higher overall CREDI z-scores.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Unlike anti-flagellin and anti-LPS Igs, MEEDAT's biomarkers of EED (I-FABP and sCD14) were not associated with subsequent linear growth among HEU infants in Tanzania. The relationship between EED and infant development warrants further study.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011181 |
| spellingShingle | Jacqueline M Lauer Miles A Kirby Alfa Muhihi Nzovu Ulenga Said Aboud Enju Liu Robert K M Choy Michael B Arndt Jianqun Kou Wafaie Fawzi Andrew Gewirtz Christopher R Sudfeld Karim P Manji Christopher P Duggan Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. |
| title_full | Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. |
| title_fullStr | Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. |
| title_short | Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants. |
| title_sort | assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among hiv exposed uninfected tanzanian infants |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011181 |
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