Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive
Abstract Fermentation process plays an important role in the biochemical properties and quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). In industry, exogenous additive (EA) was usually adopted for improving the quality of CTLs during fermentation. However, the mechanism of enhanced quality of CTLs fermented...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23419-y |
| _version_ | 1798018347658379264 |
|---|---|
| author | Wanrong Hu Wen Cai Zhaojun Zheng Yuanfa Liu Cheng Luo Fang Xue Dongliang Li |
| author_facet | Wanrong Hu Wen Cai Zhaojun Zheng Yuanfa Liu Cheng Luo Fang Xue Dongliang Li |
| author_sort | Wanrong Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fermentation process plays an important role in the biochemical properties and quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). In industry, exogenous additive (EA) was usually adopted for improving the quality of CTLs during fermentation. However, the mechanism of enhanced quality of CTLs fermented with EA was confused. Herein, the chemical compositions and microbial communities of CTLs during fermentation with EA were analyzed. The increased contents of total nitrogen and total sugar, as well as the improved consumption rate of reducing sugar in CTLs were found with the addition of EA. Besides, fermentation with EA reduced the content of total nonvolatile organic acid, especially unsaturated fatty acid. The contents of total and several representative aroma components were improved. Additionally, the increased abundance of Staphylococcus and decreased abundance of Aspergillus were detected. Combined with the changes of chemical compositions and microbial communities, it was confirmed that the carbohydrates and alcohols originated from EA promote the enrichment of Staphylococcus and accelerate biochemical reactions, such as Maillard reaction and esterification reaction, thus improving the contents and quality of aroma components in CTLs. This study demonstrated the mechanism of enhanced quality of CTLs fermented by EA, which provides more ideas for developing novel and efficient EAs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:22:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb66baebc7eb477b8106712829ea12e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:22:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb66baebc7eb477b8106712829ea12e32022-12-22T04:14:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-11-0112111110.1038/s41598-022-23419-yStudy on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additiveWanrong Hu0Wen Cai1Zhaojun Zheng2Yuanfa Liu3Cheng Luo4Fang Xue5Dongliang Li6Key Laboratory of Chinese Cigar Fermentation, Center of Technology Innovation for Cigar, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., LtdKey Laboratory of Chinese Cigar Fermentation, Center of Technology Innovation for Cigar, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., LtdSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversitySchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan UniversityKey Laboratory of Chinese Cigar Fermentation, Center of Technology Innovation for Cigar, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., LtdKey Laboratory of Chinese Cigar Fermentation, Center of Technology Innovation for Cigar, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., LtdKey Laboratory of Chinese Cigar Fermentation, Center of Technology Innovation for Cigar, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., LtdAbstract Fermentation process plays an important role in the biochemical properties and quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). In industry, exogenous additive (EA) was usually adopted for improving the quality of CTLs during fermentation. However, the mechanism of enhanced quality of CTLs fermented with EA was confused. Herein, the chemical compositions and microbial communities of CTLs during fermentation with EA were analyzed. The increased contents of total nitrogen and total sugar, as well as the improved consumption rate of reducing sugar in CTLs were found with the addition of EA. Besides, fermentation with EA reduced the content of total nonvolatile organic acid, especially unsaturated fatty acid. The contents of total and several representative aroma components were improved. Additionally, the increased abundance of Staphylococcus and decreased abundance of Aspergillus were detected. Combined with the changes of chemical compositions and microbial communities, it was confirmed that the carbohydrates and alcohols originated from EA promote the enrichment of Staphylococcus and accelerate biochemical reactions, such as Maillard reaction and esterification reaction, thus improving the contents and quality of aroma components in CTLs. This study demonstrated the mechanism of enhanced quality of CTLs fermented by EA, which provides more ideas for developing novel and efficient EAs.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23419-y |
| spellingShingle | Wanrong Hu Wen Cai Zhaojun Zheng Yuanfa Liu Cheng Luo Fang Xue Dongliang Li Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive Scientific Reports |
| title | Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| title_full | Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| title_fullStr | Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| title_short | Study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| title_sort | study on the chemical compositions and microbial communities of cigar tobacco leaves fermented with exogenous additive |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23419-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wanronghu studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT wencai studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT zhaojunzheng studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT yuanfaliu studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT chengluo studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT fangxue studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive AT dongliangli studyonthechemicalcompositionsandmicrobialcommunitiesofcigartobaccoleavesfermentedwithexogenousadditive |