The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes
ABSTRACT Young swimmers are particularly susceptible to the onset of oral diseases. Objective To evaluate the oral health status in young competitive and non-competitive swimmers, involving an assessment of salivary cariogenic bacteria and secretory IgA (S-IgA) concentration. Material and Methods...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of São Paulo
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Applied Oral Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572016000200107&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818390748311060480 |
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| author | Simonetta D’ERCOLE Marco TIERI Diego MARTINELLI Domenico TRIPODI |
| author_facet | Simonetta D’ERCOLE Marco TIERI Diego MARTINELLI Domenico TRIPODI |
| author_sort | Simonetta D’ERCOLE |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Young swimmers are particularly susceptible to the onset of oral diseases. Objective To evaluate the oral health status in young competitive and non-competitive swimmers, involving an assessment of salivary cariogenic bacteria and secretory IgA (S-IgA) concentration. Material and Methods Before training sessions (T1), 54 competitive and 69 non-competitive swimmers had the following parameters assessed: decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), Plaque Index (PlI), and Gingival Index (GI). At T1 and after training sessions (T2), stimulated saliva was collected and microbiological and immunological analyses were performed. Results Competitive swimmers trained 2.02±0.09 hours 5 times a week, while non-competitive swimmers trained 2.03±0.18 hours a week. A total of 14.7% of competitive swimmers suffered dental trauma related to sports. Only 11.76% of the competitive swimmers took a daily dose of fluoride, against 32.65% of non-competitive swimmers (p=0.029). Neither group followed an established diet or presented statistically significant differences in terms of nutritional supplement drink and chocolate intake. There were statistically significant differences in terms of oral hygiene. No significant difference in clinical indexes (DMFT, PlI, and GI) was present. S. mutans was harbored by 18.6% of competitive and the 32.2% of non-competitive swimmers. S. sobrinus was detected in 22.03% of competitive and 91.6% of non-competitive swimmers (p<0.05). S. sanguinis was found only in the saliva of competitive swimmers. The average S-IgA of competitive swimmers decreased significantly at T2 (p<0.05). The pool water had a daily average pH of 7.22. Conclusions Microbial markers, immune status and sporting characteristics are important for establishing guidelines for management of training load in order to minimize physical stress and the risk of oral infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:02:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb6ecd26b473461a9fc8cdff5ac43f89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-7765 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:02:33Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | University of São Paulo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Oral Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb6ecd26b473461a9fc8cdff5ac43f892022-12-21T23:16:11ZengUniversity of São PauloJournal of Applied Oral Science1678-77652016-04-0124210711310.1590/1678-775720150324S1678-77572016000200107The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletesSimonetta D’ERCOLEMarco TIERIDiego MARTINELLIDomenico TRIPODIABSTRACT Young swimmers are particularly susceptible to the onset of oral diseases. Objective To evaluate the oral health status in young competitive and non-competitive swimmers, involving an assessment of salivary cariogenic bacteria and secretory IgA (S-IgA) concentration. Material and Methods Before training sessions (T1), 54 competitive and 69 non-competitive swimmers had the following parameters assessed: decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), Plaque Index (PlI), and Gingival Index (GI). At T1 and after training sessions (T2), stimulated saliva was collected and microbiological and immunological analyses were performed. Results Competitive swimmers trained 2.02±0.09 hours 5 times a week, while non-competitive swimmers trained 2.03±0.18 hours a week. A total of 14.7% of competitive swimmers suffered dental trauma related to sports. Only 11.76% of the competitive swimmers took a daily dose of fluoride, against 32.65% of non-competitive swimmers (p=0.029). Neither group followed an established diet or presented statistically significant differences in terms of nutritional supplement drink and chocolate intake. There were statistically significant differences in terms of oral hygiene. No significant difference in clinical indexes (DMFT, PlI, and GI) was present. S. mutans was harbored by 18.6% of competitive and the 32.2% of non-competitive swimmers. S. sobrinus was detected in 22.03% of competitive and 91.6% of non-competitive swimmers (p<0.05). S. sanguinis was found only in the saliva of competitive swimmers. The average S-IgA of competitive swimmers decreased significantly at T2 (p<0.05). The pool water had a daily average pH of 7.22. Conclusions Microbial markers, immune status and sporting characteristics are important for establishing guidelines for management of training load in order to minimize physical stress and the risk of oral infection.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572016000200107&lng=en&tlng=enCariogenic microorganismS-IgAOral diseaseSalivaSwimmingSport dentistry |
| spellingShingle | Simonetta D’ERCOLE Marco TIERI Diego MARTINELLI Domenico TRIPODI The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes Journal of Applied Oral Science Cariogenic microorganism S-IgA Oral disease Saliva Swimming Sport dentistry |
| title | The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes |
| title_full | The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes |
| title_fullStr | The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes |
| title_short | The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes |
| title_sort | effect of swimming on oral health status competitive versus non competitive athletes |
| topic | Cariogenic microorganism S-IgA Oral disease Saliva Swimming Sport dentistry |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572016000200107&lng=en&tlng=en |
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