Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>
Vaccination is an ideal strategy for the control and prevention of toxoplasmosis. However, the thermostability and effectiveness of vaccines limit their application. Here, calcium mineralization was used to fabricate <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> tachyzoites as immunogenic core–shell particle...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/35 |
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| author | Ling Li Yong-Chao Guan Shao-Yuan Bai Qi-Wang Jin Jian-Ping Tao Guo-Ding Zhu Si-Yang Huang |
| author_facet | Ling Li Yong-Chao Guan Shao-Yuan Bai Qi-Wang Jin Jian-Ping Tao Guo-Ding Zhu Si-Yang Huang |
| author_sort | Ling Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccination is an ideal strategy for the control and prevention of toxoplasmosis. However, the thermostability and effectiveness of vaccines limit their application. Here, calcium mineralization was used to fabricate <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> tachyzoites as immunogenic core–shell particles with improved immune response and thermostability. In the current study, <i>T. gondii</i> RH particles coated with mineralized shells were fabricated by calcium mineralization. The mineralized shells could maintain the <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites structural integrity for at least 12 months and weaken the virulence. Immunization of mice with mineralized tachyzoites induced high levels of <i>T. gondii-specific</i> antibodies and cytokines. The immunized mice were protected with a 100% survival rate in acute and chronic infection, and brain cyst burdens were significantly reduced. This study reported for the first time the strategy of calcium mineralization on <i>T. gondii</i> and proved that mineralized tachyzoites could play an immune protective role, thus expanding the application of biomineralization in <i>T. gondii</i> vaccine delivery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:44:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb7882d06a094e54bcbdd6e743fe22a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:44:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb7882d06a094e54bcbdd6e743fe22a02024-01-29T14:25:26ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-12-011213510.3390/vaccines12010035Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Ling Li0Yong-Chao Guan1Shao-Yuan Bai2Qi-Wang Jin3Jian-Ping Tao4Guo-Ding Zhu5Si-Yang Huang6Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInstitute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInstitute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInstitute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInstitute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaNational Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi 214064, ChinaInstitute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaVaccination is an ideal strategy for the control and prevention of toxoplasmosis. However, the thermostability and effectiveness of vaccines limit their application. Here, calcium mineralization was used to fabricate <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> tachyzoites as immunogenic core–shell particles with improved immune response and thermostability. In the current study, <i>T. gondii</i> RH particles coated with mineralized shells were fabricated by calcium mineralization. The mineralized shells could maintain the <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites structural integrity for at least 12 months and weaken the virulence. Immunization of mice with mineralized tachyzoites induced high levels of <i>T. gondii-specific</i> antibodies and cytokines. The immunized mice were protected with a 100% survival rate in acute and chronic infection, and brain cyst burdens were significantly reduced. This study reported for the first time the strategy of calcium mineralization on <i>T. gondii</i> and proved that mineralized tachyzoites could play an immune protective role, thus expanding the application of biomineralization in <i>T. gondii</i> vaccine delivery.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/35thermostabilityimmunizationprotectionvaccinetoxoplasmosis |
| spellingShingle | Ling Li Yong-Chao Guan Shao-Yuan Bai Qi-Wang Jin Jian-Ping Tao Guo-Ding Zhu Si-Yang Huang Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Vaccines thermostability immunization protection vaccine toxoplasmosis |
| title | Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> |
| title_full | Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> |
| title_fullStr | Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> |
| title_short | Mineralization Reduces the Toxicity and Improves Stability and Protective Immune Response Induced by <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> |
| title_sort | mineralization reduces the toxicity and improves stability and protective immune response induced by i toxoplasma gondii i |
| topic | thermostability immunization protection vaccine toxoplasmosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/35 |
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