Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications
Chemiresistive gas sensors were produced by functionalizing graphene with a ~3 nm layer of mixed oxide <i>x</i>Cu<sub>2</sub>O⸱<i>y</i>MnO using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from a hopcalite CuMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> target. Sensor res...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/8/460 |
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| author | Margus Kodu Rainer Pärna Tea Avarmaa Indrek Renge Jekaterina Kozlova Tauno Kahro Raivo Jaaniso |
| author_facet | Margus Kodu Rainer Pärna Tea Avarmaa Indrek Renge Jekaterina Kozlova Tauno Kahro Raivo Jaaniso |
| author_sort | Margus Kodu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemiresistive gas sensors were produced by functionalizing graphene with a ~3 nm layer of mixed oxide <i>x</i>Cu<sub>2</sub>O⸱<i>y</i>MnO using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from a hopcalite CuMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> target. Sensor response time traces were recorded for strongly oxidizing (NO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>) and reducing (NH<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S) poisonous gases at ppb and ppm levels, respectively. The morphology of the MOX layer was modified by growth temperature during PLD, resulting in the optimization of the sensor response. Differences in decomposition or oxidation rates on catalytically active metal oxide (MOX) were utilized to achieve partial selectivity for pairs of gases that have similar adsorption and redox properties. The predominant selectivity towards ozone in most samples at different measuring conditions remained difficult to suppress. A distinct selectivity for H<sub>2</sub>S emerged at higher measurement temperatures (100–150 °C), which was assigned to catalytic oxidation with O<sub>2</sub>. Several gas–MOX interaction mechanisms were advanced to tentatively explain the sensor behavior, including reversible electron transfer in the simplest case of NO<sub>2</sub>, decomposition via ionic transients for O<sub>3</sub>, and complex catalytic oxidative transformations for NH<sub>3</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:02:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb9a11fa26cf422281bc0e2c47df2412 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:02:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb9a11fa26cf422281bc0e2c47df24122023-11-19T00:38:50ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402023-08-0111846010.3390/chemosensors11080460Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose ApplicationsMargus Kodu0Rainer Pärna1Tea Avarmaa2Indrek Renge3Jekaterina Kozlova4Tauno Kahro5Raivo Jaaniso6Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaInstitute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, EstoniaChemiresistive gas sensors were produced by functionalizing graphene with a ~3 nm layer of mixed oxide <i>x</i>Cu<sub>2</sub>O⸱<i>y</i>MnO using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from a hopcalite CuMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> target. Sensor response time traces were recorded for strongly oxidizing (NO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>) and reducing (NH<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S) poisonous gases at ppb and ppm levels, respectively. The morphology of the MOX layer was modified by growth temperature during PLD, resulting in the optimization of the sensor response. Differences in decomposition or oxidation rates on catalytically active metal oxide (MOX) were utilized to achieve partial selectivity for pairs of gases that have similar adsorption and redox properties. The predominant selectivity towards ozone in most samples at different measuring conditions remained difficult to suppress. A distinct selectivity for H<sub>2</sub>S emerged at higher measurement temperatures (100–150 °C), which was assigned to catalytic oxidation with O<sub>2</sub>. Several gas–MOX interaction mechanisms were advanced to tentatively explain the sensor behavior, including reversible electron transfer in the simplest case of NO<sub>2</sub>, decomposition via ionic transients for O<sub>3</sub>, and complex catalytic oxidative transformations for NH<sub>3</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/8/460ammoniacatalysischemiresistive sensorgas sensorgraphenehopcalite |
| spellingShingle | Margus Kodu Rainer Pärna Tea Avarmaa Indrek Renge Jekaterina Kozlova Tauno Kahro Raivo Jaaniso Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications Chemosensors ammonia catalysis chemiresistive sensor gas sensor graphene hopcalite |
| title | Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications |
| title_full | Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications |
| title_fullStr | Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications |
| title_short | Gas-Sensing Properties of Graphene Functionalized with Ternary Cu-Mn Oxides for E-Nose Applications |
| title_sort | gas sensing properties of graphene functionalized with ternary cu mn oxides for e nose applications |
| topic | ammonia catalysis chemiresistive sensor gas sensor graphene hopcalite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/8/460 |
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