Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs), known as satellite cells (SCs) have an incredible ability to regenerate, which enables the maintenance and growth of muscle tissue. In response to damaging stimuli, SCs are activated, proliferate, differentiate, and fuse to repair or generate a new muscle fiber. However, d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2020.00069/full |
| _version_ | 1818213246041063424 |
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| author | Nurit Yanay Nurit Yanay Malcolm Rabie Malcolm Rabie Yoram Nevo Yoram Nevo |
| author_facet | Nurit Yanay Nurit Yanay Malcolm Rabie Malcolm Rabie Yoram Nevo Yoram Nevo |
| author_sort | Nurit Yanay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Muscle stem cells (MuSCs), known as satellite cells (SCs) have an incredible ability to regenerate, which enables the maintenance and growth of muscle tissue. In response to damaging stimuli, SCs are activated, proliferate, differentiate, and fuse to repair or generate a new muscle fiber. However, dystrophic muscles are characterized by poor muscle regeneration along with chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Indications for SC involvement in muscular dystrophy pathologies are accumulating, but their contribution to muscle pathophysiology is not precisely understood. In congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (LAMA2-CMD), mutations in Lama2 gene cause either complete or partial absence in laminin-211 protein. Laminin-211 functions as a link between muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) and two adhesion systems in the sarcolemma; one is the well-known dystrophin–glycoprotein complex (DGC), and the second is the integrin complex. Because of its protein interactions and location, laminin-211 has a crucial role in muscle function and survival by maintaining sarcolemma integrity. In addition, laminin-211 is expressed in SCs and suggested to have a role in SC proliferation and differentiation. Downstream to the primary defect in laminin-211, several secondary genes and pathways accelerate disease mechanism, while at the same time there are unsuccessful attempts to regenerate as compensation for the dystrophic process. Lately, next-generation sequencing platforms have advanced our knowledge about the secondary events occurring in various diseases, elucidate the pathophysiology, and characterize new essential targets for development of new treatment strategies. This review will mainly focus on SC contribution to impaired regeneration in muscular dystrophies and specifically new findings suggesting SC involvement in LAMA2-CMD pathology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:01:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bb9a1391407444eea828d6819812701d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:01:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-bb9a1391407444eea828d6819812701d2022-12-22T00:35:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience1662-50992020-05-011310.3389/fnmol.2020.00069518459Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for TherapyNurit Yanay0Nurit Yanay1Malcolm Rabie2Malcolm Rabie3Yoram Nevo4Yoram Nevo5Felsenstein Medical Research Center (FMRC), Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelInstitute of Neurology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelFelsenstein Medical Research Center (FMRC), Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelInstitute of Neurology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelFelsenstein Medical Research Center (FMRC), Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelInstitute of Neurology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelMuscle stem cells (MuSCs), known as satellite cells (SCs) have an incredible ability to regenerate, which enables the maintenance and growth of muscle tissue. In response to damaging stimuli, SCs are activated, proliferate, differentiate, and fuse to repair or generate a new muscle fiber. However, dystrophic muscles are characterized by poor muscle regeneration along with chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Indications for SC involvement in muscular dystrophy pathologies are accumulating, but their contribution to muscle pathophysiology is not precisely understood. In congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (LAMA2-CMD), mutations in Lama2 gene cause either complete or partial absence in laminin-211 protein. Laminin-211 functions as a link between muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) and two adhesion systems in the sarcolemma; one is the well-known dystrophin–glycoprotein complex (DGC), and the second is the integrin complex. Because of its protein interactions and location, laminin-211 has a crucial role in muscle function and survival by maintaining sarcolemma integrity. In addition, laminin-211 is expressed in SCs and suggested to have a role in SC proliferation and differentiation. Downstream to the primary defect in laminin-211, several secondary genes and pathways accelerate disease mechanism, while at the same time there are unsuccessful attempts to regenerate as compensation for the dystrophic process. Lately, next-generation sequencing platforms have advanced our knowledge about the secondary events occurring in various diseases, elucidate the pathophysiology, and characterize new essential targets for development of new treatment strategies. This review will mainly focus on SC contribution to impaired regeneration in muscular dystrophies and specifically new findings suggesting SC involvement in LAMA2-CMD pathology.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2020.00069/fullLAMA2-CMDlaminin-211next-generation sequencingsatellite cellsdy2J/dy2J mouse modelmuscular dystrophy |
| spellingShingle | Nurit Yanay Nurit Yanay Malcolm Rabie Malcolm Rabie Yoram Nevo Yoram Nevo Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience LAMA2-CMD laminin-211 next-generation sequencing satellite cells dy2J/dy2J mouse model muscular dystrophy |
| title | Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy |
| title_full | Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy |
| title_short | Impaired Regeneration in Dystrophic Muscle—New Target for Therapy |
| title_sort | impaired regeneration in dystrophic muscle new target for therapy |
| topic | LAMA2-CMD laminin-211 next-generation sequencing satellite cells dy2J/dy2J mouse model muscular dystrophy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2020.00069/full |
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