N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture
Soil moisture is the major factor influencing microbial properties and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production. Agricultural soils can be probed under wetting, wet/dry alternating, and constant moisture conditions to evaluate the combined effects of early (previous) and immediate (curr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Agriculture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/330 |
| _version_ | 1797447408885432320 |
|---|---|
| author | Lei Wang Da-Cheng Hao Sisi Fan Hongtu Xie Xuelian Bao Zhongjun Jia Lianfeng Wang |
| author_facet | Lei Wang Da-Cheng Hao Sisi Fan Hongtu Xie Xuelian Bao Zhongjun Jia Lianfeng Wang |
| author_sort | Lei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil moisture is the major factor influencing microbial properties and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production. Agricultural soils can be probed under wetting, wet/dry alternating, and constant moisture conditions to evaluate the combined effects of early (previous) and immediate (current) moisture on N<sub>2</sub>O emission and nitrification/denitrification. In view of the water history of upland black soil, five moisture regimes comprising different antecedent and present water holding capacity (WHC) levels were set up in the microcosm study. The 20% WHC was adopted as the initial legacy moisture, while three immediate water statuses include constant WHC, dry-wet cycle, and incremental moisture. Quantitative PCR and <i>16S rRNA</i> amplicon sequencing were used to assess the impact of current and previous moisture on the bacterial community composition and abundance of nitrification/denitrification genes (amoA, nirS, and nosZ); the soil physicochemical properties, and N<sub>2</sub>O emission were monitored. The N<sub>2</sub>O production and nitrifying-denitrifying microbial communities were influenced by the antecedent moisture and pattern of the dry-wet cycle. The nitrifying-denitrifying microbial communities, especially members of β-/γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Gemmatimonadetes, in black soil were important in explaining the variation of N<sub>2</sub>O production. The key taxonomic groups in response to the moisture alteration, e.g., Acidobacteria, Sphingobacteriia, Deltaproteobacteria, Methylobacterium, Gemmatimonas and Pseudarthrobacter, etc., were also highlighted. The soil nitrate, ammonium nitrogen, N<sub>2</sub>O emission, nitrification/denitrification and mineralization were profoundly impacted by water regimes and showed statistically significant correlation with specific bacterial genera; the nitrite/nitrate reduction to ammonium could be boosted by high moisture. Both nitrifier denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification could be enhanced substantially when the black soil moisture was increased to above 60% WHC. These findings help evaluate the effects of the water mode on the N<sub>2</sub>O emission from black soil, as well as the associated impacts on both soil fertility and the global environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:55:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bba36ff0cb5c40d497ce0eaedaa8f4c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:55:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-bba36ff0cb5c40d497ce0eaedaa8f4c12023-11-30T20:43:03ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-02-0112333010.3390/agriculture12030330N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate MoistureLei Wang0Da-Cheng Hao1Sisi Fan2Hongtu Xie3Xuelian Bao4Zhongjun Jia5Lianfeng Wang6Liaoning Provincial Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, ChinaInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaInstitute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Universities Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, ChinaSoil moisture is the major factor influencing microbial properties and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production. Agricultural soils can be probed under wetting, wet/dry alternating, and constant moisture conditions to evaluate the combined effects of early (previous) and immediate (current) moisture on N<sub>2</sub>O emission and nitrification/denitrification. In view of the water history of upland black soil, five moisture regimes comprising different antecedent and present water holding capacity (WHC) levels were set up in the microcosm study. The 20% WHC was adopted as the initial legacy moisture, while three immediate water statuses include constant WHC, dry-wet cycle, and incremental moisture. Quantitative PCR and <i>16S rRNA</i> amplicon sequencing were used to assess the impact of current and previous moisture on the bacterial community composition and abundance of nitrification/denitrification genes (amoA, nirS, and nosZ); the soil physicochemical properties, and N<sub>2</sub>O emission were monitored. The N<sub>2</sub>O production and nitrifying-denitrifying microbial communities were influenced by the antecedent moisture and pattern of the dry-wet cycle. The nitrifying-denitrifying microbial communities, especially members of β-/γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Gemmatimonadetes, in black soil were important in explaining the variation of N<sub>2</sub>O production. The key taxonomic groups in response to the moisture alteration, e.g., Acidobacteria, Sphingobacteriia, Deltaproteobacteria, Methylobacterium, Gemmatimonas and Pseudarthrobacter, etc., were also highlighted. The soil nitrate, ammonium nitrogen, N<sub>2</sub>O emission, nitrification/denitrification and mineralization were profoundly impacted by water regimes and showed statistically significant correlation with specific bacterial genera; the nitrite/nitrate reduction to ammonium could be boosted by high moisture. Both nitrifier denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification could be enhanced substantially when the black soil moisture was increased to above 60% WHC. These findings help evaluate the effects of the water mode on the N<sub>2</sub>O emission from black soil, as well as the associated impacts on both soil fertility and the global environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/330antecedent soil moisturemicrobial community compositionnitrous oxidegene abundanceMiSeq sequencinglegacy impact |
| spellingShingle | Lei Wang Da-Cheng Hao Sisi Fan Hongtu Xie Xuelian Bao Zhongjun Jia Lianfeng Wang N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture Agriculture antecedent soil moisture microbial community composition nitrous oxide gene abundance MiSeq sequencing legacy impact |
| title | N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture |
| title_full | N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture |
| title_fullStr | N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture |
| title_full_unstemmed | N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture |
| title_short | N<sub>2</sub>O Emission and Nitrification/Denitrification Bacterial Communities in Upland Black Soil under Combined Effects of Early and Immediate Moisture |
| title_sort | n sub 2 sub o emission and nitrification denitrification bacterial communities in upland black soil under combined effects of early and immediate moisture |
| topic | antecedent soil moisture microbial community composition nitrous oxide gene abundance MiSeq sequencing legacy impact |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/3/330 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT leiwang nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT dachenghao nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT sisifan nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT hongtuxie nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT xuelianbao nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT zhongjunjia nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture AT lianfengwang nsub2suboemissionandnitrificationdenitrificationbacterialcommunitiesinuplandblacksoilundercombinedeffectsofearlyandimmediatemoisture |