Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems
In modern elastic systems, an important task is to predict changes in load processes. Estimating the load change rate helps to adapt the system structure in advance to maintain the quality of user experience. In modern solutions, little attention is paid to the analysis of the load change rate whi...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Naučno-tehničeskij Vestnik Informacionnyh Tehnologij, Mehaniki i Optiki |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ntv.ifmo.ru/file/article/22057.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797798494960877568 |
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| author | Ilya G. Martynchuk Sergei A. Zhmylev |
| author_facet | Ilya G. Martynchuk Sergei A. Zhmylev |
| author_sort | Ilya G. Martynchuk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In modern elastic systems, an important task is to predict changes in load processes. Estimating the load change rate
helps to adapt the system structure in advance to maintain the quality of user experience. In modern solutions, little
attention is paid to the analysis of the load change rate which directly affects how far in advance it is necessary to turn
nodes on or off from the computing process. In most cases, these trigger intervals are set to pre-set static values. In order
to determine the load process change rate, it is sufficient to solve the linear approximation problem over the interval of
increase or decrease in the load function over time. The existing methods of linear approximation do not satisfy all the
requirements for the elastic systems environments, which necessitates the development of own approximation method.
A simplified linear approximation method ZFLAM is based on the calculation of the center of the initial data set mass
as well as the average relative deviation of the ordered points along the ordinate axis from each other. The novelty of
the proposed method lies in the simultaneous constant consumption of memory and the absence of operations with
quadratic dependencies, which makes it possible to satisfy all the requirements for methods operating in elastic system
environments. A two-dimensional plane point generator has been developed which makes it possible to obtain a set of
ordered points scattered relative to a given line. The developed generator makes it possible to evaluate the accuracy of the
proposed approximation method relative to other methods by calculating the average resulting deviation of the generated
points from a given straight line. It was revealed that with a confidence probability of 0.95, with the maximum number
of points in the original data set equal to 10,000, the reduction in the approximation execution time due to the developed
method reaches 23 %. It was determined that with a confidence probability of 0.95, the value of the mean deviation for
both methods in the framework of the experiments is the same. The obtained results can be applied in the elastic systems
automatic scaling services in order to reduce the execution time of load processes change rate forecasts. The developed
method, in contrast to the least squares method, is free from the disadvantage associated with operations with quadratic
dependencies, which makes it possible to use it more widely in the conditions of limited bit grid of some architectures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:04:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bbc15c8a8c8d4d6d88cb6b89badc8566 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2226-1494 2500-0373 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:04:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Naučno-tehničeskij Vestnik Informacionnyh Tehnologij, Mehaniki i Optiki |
| spelling | doaj.art-bbc15c8a8c8d4d6d88cb6b89badc85662023-06-21T09:17:55ZengSaint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)Naučno-tehničeskij Vestnik Informacionnyh Tehnologij, Mehaniki i Optiki2226-14942500-03732023-06-0123354755210.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-3-547-552Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systemsIlya G. Martynchuk0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-9677Sergei A. Zhmylev1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-5474PhD Student, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation, sc 57208319866PhD, Engineering consultant, GK YADRO LLC, Moscow, 125373, Russian Federation, sc 57208416951In modern elastic systems, an important task is to predict changes in load processes. Estimating the load change rate helps to adapt the system structure in advance to maintain the quality of user experience. In modern solutions, little attention is paid to the analysis of the load change rate which directly affects how far in advance it is necessary to turn nodes on or off from the computing process. In most cases, these trigger intervals are set to pre-set static values. In order to determine the load process change rate, it is sufficient to solve the linear approximation problem over the interval of increase or decrease in the load function over time. The existing methods of linear approximation do not satisfy all the requirements for the elastic systems environments, which necessitates the development of own approximation method. A simplified linear approximation method ZFLAM is based on the calculation of the center of the initial data set mass as well as the average relative deviation of the ordered points along the ordinate axis from each other. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the simultaneous constant consumption of memory and the absence of operations with quadratic dependencies, which makes it possible to satisfy all the requirements for methods operating in elastic system environments. A two-dimensional plane point generator has been developed which makes it possible to obtain a set of ordered points scattered relative to a given line. The developed generator makes it possible to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approximation method relative to other methods by calculating the average resulting deviation of the generated points from a given straight line. It was revealed that with a confidence probability of 0.95, with the maximum number of points in the original data set equal to 10,000, the reduction in the approximation execution time due to the developed method reaches 23 %. It was determined that with a confidence probability of 0.95, the value of the mean deviation for both methods in the framework of the experiments is the same. The obtained results can be applied in the elastic systems automatic scaling services in order to reduce the execution time of load processes change rate forecasts. The developed method, in contrast to the least squares method, is free from the disadvantage associated with operations with quadratic dependencies, which makes it possible to use it more widely in the conditions of limited bit grid of some architectures.https://ntv.ifmo.ru/file/article/22057.pdflinear approximationelastic systemsautomatic scalingleast squaresrandom sample consensusprincipal component analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ilya G. Martynchuk Sergei A. Zhmylev Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems Naučno-tehničeskij Vestnik Informacionnyh Tehnologij, Mehaniki i Optiki linear approximation elastic systems automatic scaling least squares random sample consensus principal component analysis |
| title | Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| title_full | Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| title_fullStr | Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| title_short | Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| title_sort | time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems |
| topic | linear approximation elastic systems automatic scaling least squares random sample consensus principal component analysis |
| url | https://ntv.ifmo.ru/file/article/22057.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ilyagmartynchuk timeparameterslinearapproximationmethodinelasticsystems AT sergeiazhmylev timeparameterslinearapproximationmethodinelasticsystems |