Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa
Objectives Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and often face multiple HIV-related stigmas. Addressing these stigmas could reduce SGM HIV vulnerability but little is known about how the stigmas operate and intersect. Interse...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/2/e078794.full |
| _version_ | 1827324941081509888 |
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| author | Pascal Djiadeu LaRon E Nelson Laura Nyblade Zhao Ni Kate Nyhan Debbie Dada DeAnne Turner Ibrahim Wunpini Mashoud Edem Yaw Zigah Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong Gamji R Abu-Ba’are Francis Owusu-Dampare Amos Apreku |
| author_facet | Pascal Djiadeu LaRon E Nelson Laura Nyblade Zhao Ni Kate Nyhan Debbie Dada DeAnne Turner Ibrahim Wunpini Mashoud Edem Yaw Zigah Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong Gamji R Abu-Ba’are Francis Owusu-Dampare Amos Apreku |
| author_sort | Pascal Djiadeu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and often face multiple HIV-related stigmas. Addressing these stigmas could reduce SGM HIV vulnerability but little is known about how the stigmas operate and intersect. Intersectional stigma offers a lens for understanding the experiences of stigmatised populations and refers to the synergistic negative health effects of various systems of oppression on individuals with multiple stigmatised identities, behaviours or conditions. This review aims to (1) assess how often and in what ways an intersectional lens is applied in HIV-related stigma research on SGM populations in SSA and (2) understand how intersectional stigma impacts HIV risk in these populations.Design Scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews.Data sources Public health and regional databases were searched in 2020 and 2022.Eligibility criteria Articles in French and English on HIV-related stigma and HIV outcomes among men who have sex with men, women who have sex with women and/or transgender individuals in SSA.Data extraction and synthesis Articles were screened and extracted twice and categorised by use of an intersectional approach. Study designs and stigma types were described quantitatively and findings on intersectional stigma were thematically analysed.Results Of 173 articles on HIV-related stigma among SGM in SSA included in this review, 21 articles (12%) applied an intersectional lens. The most common intersectional stigmas investigated were HIV and same-sex attraction/behaviour stigma and HIV, same-sex attraction/behaviour and gender non-conformity stigma. Intersectional stigma drivers, facilitators and manifestations were identified across individual, interpersonal, institutional and societal socioecological levels. Intersectional stigma impacts HIV vulnerability by reducing HIV prevention and treatment service uptake, worsening mental health and increasing exposure to HIV risk factors.Conclusion Intersectional approaches are gaining traction in stigma research among SGM in SSA. Future research should prioritise quantitative and mixed methods investigations, diverse populations and intervention evaluation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:07:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bbc733ae83634446a83259fefb4e75b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:07:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-bbc733ae83634446a83259fefb4e75b32024-03-06T20:20:08ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552024-02-0114210.1136/bmjopen-2023-078794Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan AfricaPascal Djiadeu0LaRon E Nelson1Laura Nyblade2Zhao Ni3Kate Nyhan4Debbie Dada5DeAnne Turner6Ibrahim Wunpini Mashoud7Edem Yaw Zigah8Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong9Gamji R Abu-Ba’are10Francis Owusu-Dampare11Amos Apreku12School of Public Health, University of Toronto Dalla Lana, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaSchool of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAResearch Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USASchool of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAHarvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USASt Michael`s Hospital Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaUniversity of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USAMedical Division, 37 Military Hospital, Ghana Armed Forces, Accra, GhanaBehavioral, Sexual, and Global Health Lab, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USACenter for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USACenter for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAPriorities on Rights and Sexual Health, Accra, GhanaUniversity of Ghana, Legon, GhanaObjectives Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and often face multiple HIV-related stigmas. Addressing these stigmas could reduce SGM HIV vulnerability but little is known about how the stigmas operate and intersect. Intersectional stigma offers a lens for understanding the experiences of stigmatised populations and refers to the synergistic negative health effects of various systems of oppression on individuals with multiple stigmatised identities, behaviours or conditions. This review aims to (1) assess how often and in what ways an intersectional lens is applied in HIV-related stigma research on SGM populations in SSA and (2) understand how intersectional stigma impacts HIV risk in these populations.Design Scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews.Data sources Public health and regional databases were searched in 2020 and 2022.Eligibility criteria Articles in French and English on HIV-related stigma and HIV outcomes among men who have sex with men, women who have sex with women and/or transgender individuals in SSA.Data extraction and synthesis Articles were screened and extracted twice and categorised by use of an intersectional approach. Study designs and stigma types were described quantitatively and findings on intersectional stigma were thematically analysed.Results Of 173 articles on HIV-related stigma among SGM in SSA included in this review, 21 articles (12%) applied an intersectional lens. The most common intersectional stigmas investigated were HIV and same-sex attraction/behaviour stigma and HIV, same-sex attraction/behaviour and gender non-conformity stigma. Intersectional stigma drivers, facilitators and manifestations were identified across individual, interpersonal, institutional and societal socioecological levels. Intersectional stigma impacts HIV vulnerability by reducing HIV prevention and treatment service uptake, worsening mental health and increasing exposure to HIV risk factors.Conclusion Intersectional approaches are gaining traction in stigma research among SGM in SSA. Future research should prioritise quantitative and mixed methods investigations, diverse populations and intervention evaluation.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/2/e078794.full |
| spellingShingle | Pascal Djiadeu LaRon E Nelson Laura Nyblade Zhao Ni Kate Nyhan Debbie Dada DeAnne Turner Ibrahim Wunpini Mashoud Edem Yaw Zigah Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong Gamji R Abu-Ba’are Francis Owusu-Dampare Amos Apreku Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa BMJ Open |
| title | Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full | Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_fullStr | Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_short | Scoping review of HIV-related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort | scoping review of hiv related intersectional stigma among sexual and gender minorities in sub saharan africa |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/2/e078794.full |
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