Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories.
The role of extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories is poorly understood. However, substantial evidence suggests that extrinsic mortality interacts with density-dependence in crucial ways. We develop a model combining Evolutionarily Stable Strategies with a projection matrix that allows resour...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5648222?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819118631100874752 |
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| author | Maciej Jan Dańko Oskar Burger Jan Kozłowski |
| author_facet | Maciej Jan Dańko Oskar Burger Jan Kozłowski |
| author_sort | Maciej Jan Dańko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The role of extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories is poorly understood. However, substantial evidence suggests that extrinsic mortality interacts with density-dependence in crucial ways. We develop a model combining Evolutionarily Stable Strategies with a projection matrix that allows resource allocation to growth, tissue repairs, and reproduction. Our model examines three cases, with density-dependence acting on: (i) mortality, (ii) fecundity, and (iii) production rate. We demonstrate that density-independent extrinsic mortality influences the rate of aging, age at maturity, growth rate, and adult size provided that density-dependence acts on fertility or juvenile mortality. However, density-independent extrinsic mortality has no effect on these life history traits when density-dependence acts on survival. We show that extrinsic mortality interacts with density-dependence via a compensation mechanism: the higher the extrinsic mortality the lower the strength of density-dependence. However, this compensation fully offsets the effect of extrinsic mortality only if density-dependence acts on survival independently of age. Both the age-pattern and the type of density-dependence are crucial for shaping life history traits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:51:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bbcc3f3c6f2a4a21b644585e8796a914 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:51:56Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-bbcc3f3c6f2a4a21b644585e8796a9142022-12-21T18:36:50ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-011210e018666110.1371/journal.pone.0186661Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories.Maciej Jan DańkoOskar BurgerJan KozłowskiThe role of extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories is poorly understood. However, substantial evidence suggests that extrinsic mortality interacts with density-dependence in crucial ways. We develop a model combining Evolutionarily Stable Strategies with a projection matrix that allows resource allocation to growth, tissue repairs, and reproduction. Our model examines three cases, with density-dependence acting on: (i) mortality, (ii) fecundity, and (iii) production rate. We demonstrate that density-independent extrinsic mortality influences the rate of aging, age at maturity, growth rate, and adult size provided that density-dependence acts on fertility or juvenile mortality. However, density-independent extrinsic mortality has no effect on these life history traits when density-dependence acts on survival. We show that extrinsic mortality interacts with density-dependence via a compensation mechanism: the higher the extrinsic mortality the lower the strength of density-dependence. However, this compensation fully offsets the effect of extrinsic mortality only if density-dependence acts on survival independently of age. Both the age-pattern and the type of density-dependence are crucial for shaping life history traits.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5648222?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Maciej Jan Dańko Oskar Burger Jan Kozłowski Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. PLoS ONE |
| title | Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. |
| title_full | Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. |
| title_fullStr | Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. |
| title_short | Density-dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories. |
| title_sort | density dependence interacts with extrinsic mortality in shaping life histories |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5648222?pdf=render |
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