Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images
Steganography is one of the most crucial methods for information hiding, which embeds secret data on an ordinary file or a cover message for avoiding detection. We designed a novel rate-distortion-based large-capacity secure steganographic system, called rate-distortion-based Stego (RD-Stego), to ef...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Entropy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/982 |
| _version_ | 1797439630502526976 |
|---|---|
| author | Yi-Lun Pan Ja-Ling Wu |
| author_facet | Yi-Lun Pan Ja-Ling Wu |
| author_sort | Yi-Lun Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Steganography is one of the most crucial methods for information hiding, which embeds secret data on an ordinary file or a cover message for avoiding detection. We designed a novel rate-distortion-based large-capacity secure steganographic system, called rate-distortion-based Stego (RD-Stego), to effectively solve the above requirement. The considered effectiveness of our system design includes embedding capacity, adaptability to chosen cover attacks, and the stability of the trained model. The proposed stego scheme can hide multiple three-channel color images and QR codes within another three-channel color image with low visual distortion. Empirically, with a certain degree of robustness against the chosen cover attack, we state that the system offers up to 192+ bits-per-pixel (bpp) embedding of a payload and leaks no secret-related information. Moreover, to provide theoretical foundations for our cost function design, a mutual information-based explanation of the choices of regulation processes is herein included. Finally, we justify our system’s claimed advantages through a series of experiments with publicly available benchmark datasets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:55:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bbeacaa7b7304a37bbf0976a94f941cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:55:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-bbeacaa7b7304a37bbf0976a94f941cd2023-11-30T23:09:42ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002022-07-0124798210.3390/e24070982Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital ImagesYi-Lun Pan0Ja-Ling Wu1Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanSteganography is one of the most crucial methods for information hiding, which embeds secret data on an ordinary file or a cover message for avoiding detection. We designed a novel rate-distortion-based large-capacity secure steganographic system, called rate-distortion-based Stego (RD-Stego), to effectively solve the above requirement. The considered effectiveness of our system design includes embedding capacity, adaptability to chosen cover attacks, and the stability of the trained model. The proposed stego scheme can hide multiple three-channel color images and QR codes within another three-channel color image with low visual distortion. Empirically, with a certain degree of robustness against the chosen cover attack, we state that the system offers up to 192+ bits-per-pixel (bpp) embedding of a payload and leaks no secret-related information. Moreover, to provide theoretical foundations for our cost function design, a mutual information-based explanation of the choices of regulation processes is herein included. Finally, we justify our system’s claimed advantages through a series of experiments with publicly available benchmark datasets.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/982image steganographyinformation hidingrate-distortionmutual informationgenerative adversarial network |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Lun Pan Ja-Ling Wu Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images Entropy image steganography information hiding rate-distortion mutual information generative adversarial network |
| title | Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images |
| title_full | Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images |
| title_fullStr | Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images |
| title_short | Rate-Distortion-Based Stego: A Large-Capacity Secure Steganography Scheme for Hiding Digital Images |
| title_sort | rate distortion based stego a large capacity secure steganography scheme for hiding digital images |
| topic | image steganography information hiding rate-distortion mutual information generative adversarial network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/982 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yilunpan ratedistortionbasedstegoalargecapacitysecuresteganographyschemeforhidingdigitalimages AT jalingwu ratedistortionbasedstegoalargecapacitysecuresteganographyschemeforhidingdigitalimages |