Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium
Abstract Background The inner ear morphology and size are linked to hearing and balance ability. The goal of this study was to determine the morphology and morphometrics of the dromedary camel's inner ear and how it influences hearing accommodation and equilibrium in the desert environment. Mat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Zoological Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-022-00196-0 |
| _version_ | 1797991773262315520 |
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| author | Safwat Ali Abdelraheem Esmat Atef Erasha Masahiro Yasuda Mohamed Alsafy |
| author_facet | Safwat Ali Abdelraheem Esmat Atef Erasha Masahiro Yasuda Mohamed Alsafy |
| author_sort | Safwat Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The inner ear morphology and size are linked to hearing and balance ability. The goal of this study was to determine the morphology and morphometrics of the dromedary camel's inner ear and how it influences hearing accommodation and equilibrium in the desert environment. Materials and methods Gross morphology, computed tomography images, and the endocast were used to show the inner ear morphology. A caliper and ImageJ software were used to take measurements on a plastic endocast. Results The presence of the subarcuate fossa, flat cochlea, radii curvature of the semicircular canals, particularly the lateral semicircular canal, orthogonality, and the union between the semicircular canals, along with slightly increased saccule and utricle size, maintains camel balance on sandy ground, even during heavy sandstorms. The cochlear basilar membrane length and cochlea radii ratio aided low-frequency hearing and perception over a wide octave range. Conclusion The camel's cochlear characteristics revealed a lengthy basilar membrane, a high radii ratio, 3.0 cochlear canal turns, and a very broad cochlea. The orthogonality of the semicircular canals, the high curvature of the lateral semicircular canal, the presence of the subarcuate fossa, and the confluence between the lateral and posterior semicircular canal were particular specifications that allowed the inner ear of the camel to adapt to desert living. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:57:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bbecc5db0d5743a7a26015c76f4692ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2056-306X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:57:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Zoological Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-bbecc5db0d5743a7a26015c76f4692ce2022-12-22T04:33:09ZengBMCZoological Letters2056-306X2022-10-018111110.1186/s40851-022-00196-0Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibriumSafwat Ali0Abdelraheem Esmat1Atef Erasha2Masahiro Yasuda3Mohamed Alsafy4Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia UniversityDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia UniversityDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of SadatDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of MiyazakiDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria UniversityAbstract Background The inner ear morphology and size are linked to hearing and balance ability. The goal of this study was to determine the morphology and morphometrics of the dromedary camel's inner ear and how it influences hearing accommodation and equilibrium in the desert environment. Materials and methods Gross morphology, computed tomography images, and the endocast were used to show the inner ear morphology. A caliper and ImageJ software were used to take measurements on a plastic endocast. Results The presence of the subarcuate fossa, flat cochlea, radii curvature of the semicircular canals, particularly the lateral semicircular canal, orthogonality, and the union between the semicircular canals, along with slightly increased saccule and utricle size, maintains camel balance on sandy ground, even during heavy sandstorms. The cochlear basilar membrane length and cochlea radii ratio aided low-frequency hearing and perception over a wide octave range. Conclusion The camel's cochlear characteristics revealed a lengthy basilar membrane, a high radii ratio, 3.0 cochlear canal turns, and a very broad cochlea. The orthogonality of the semicircular canals, the high curvature of the lateral semicircular canal, the presence of the subarcuate fossa, and the confluence between the lateral and posterior semicircular canal were particular specifications that allowed the inner ear of the camel to adapt to desert living.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-022-00196-0CamelInner earGross morphologyComputed tomographyEndocast |
| spellingShingle | Safwat Ali Abdelraheem Esmat Atef Erasha Masahiro Yasuda Mohamed Alsafy Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium Zoological Letters Camel Inner ear Gross morphology Computed tomography Endocast |
| title | Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| title_full | Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| title_fullStr | Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| title_short | Morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| title_sort | morphology and morphometry of the inner ear of the dromedary camel and their influence on the efficiency of hearing and equilibrium |
| topic | Camel Inner ear Gross morphology Computed tomography Endocast |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-022-00196-0 |
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