Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution
Cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloy is a material recommended for biomedical implants; however, to be suitable for this application, it should have good tribological properties, which are related to grain size. This paper investigates the tribological behaviour of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy produced u...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2923 |
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| author | Raimundo Silva Marcos Dantas dos Santos Rui Madureira Rui Soares Rui Neto Ângela Aparecida Vieira Polyana Alves Radi Gonçalves Priscila Maria Sarmeiro M. Leite Lúcia Vieira Filomena Viana |
| author_facet | Raimundo Silva Marcos Dantas dos Santos Rui Madureira Rui Soares Rui Neto Ângela Aparecida Vieira Polyana Alves Radi Gonçalves Priscila Maria Sarmeiro M. Leite Lúcia Vieira Filomena Viana |
| author_sort | Raimundo Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloy is a material recommended for biomedical implants; however, to be suitable for this application, it should have good tribological properties, which are related to grain size. This paper investigates the tribological behaviour of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy produced using investment casting, together with electromagnetic stirring, to reduce its grain size. The samples were subjected to wear and scratch tests in simulated body fluid (Ringer’s lactate solution). Since a reduction in grain size can influence the behaviour of the material, in terms of resistance and tribological response, four samples with different grain sizes were produced for use in our investigation of the behaviour of the alloy, in which we considered the friction coefficient, wear, and scratch resistance. The experiments were performed using a tribometer, with mean values for the friction coefficient, normal load, and tangential force acquired and recorded by the software. Spheres of Ti-6Al-4V and 316L steel were used as counterface materials. In addition, to elucidate the influence of grain size on the mechanical properties of the alloy, observations were conducted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results showed changes in the structure, with a reduction in grain size from 5.51 to 0.79 mm. Using both spheres, the best results for the friction coefficient and wear volume corresponded to the sample with the smallest grain size of 0.79 mm. The friction coefficients obtained were 0.37 and 0.45, using the Ti-6Al-4V and 316L spheres, respectively. These results confirm that the best surface finish for Co-Cr-Mo alloy used as a biomedical implant is one with a smaller grain size, since this results in a lower friction coefficient and low wear. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:31:04Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:31:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc041bccb04f4151a2790bd9cc6b837f2023-11-17T17:07:09ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-04-01167292310.3390/ma16072923Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate SolutionRaimundo Silva0Marcos Dantas dos Santos1Rui Madureira2Rui Soares3Rui Neto4Ângela Aparecida Vieira5Polyana Alves Radi Gonçalves6Priscila Maria Sarmeiro M. Leite7Lúcia Vieira8Filomena Viana9Department of Materials Engineering, University of the State of Amazonas (UEA), Darcy Vargas, Manaus 69050-020, BrazilDepartment of Materials Engineering, University of the State of Amazonas (UEA), Darcy Vargas, Manaus 69050-020, BrazilLAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Materials, Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Paraíba Valley, São José dos Campos 12244-000, BrazilDepartment of Materials, Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Paraíba Valley, São José dos Campos 12244-000, BrazilDepartment of Materials, Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Paraíba Valley, São José dos Campos 12244-000, BrazilDepartment of Materials, Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Paraíba Valley, São José dos Campos 12244-000, BrazilDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalCobalt–chromium–molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloy is a material recommended for biomedical implants; however, to be suitable for this application, it should have good tribological properties, which are related to grain size. This paper investigates the tribological behaviour of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy produced using investment casting, together with electromagnetic stirring, to reduce its grain size. The samples were subjected to wear and scratch tests in simulated body fluid (Ringer’s lactate solution). Since a reduction in grain size can influence the behaviour of the material, in terms of resistance and tribological response, four samples with different grain sizes were produced for use in our investigation of the behaviour of the alloy, in which we considered the friction coefficient, wear, and scratch resistance. The experiments were performed using a tribometer, with mean values for the friction coefficient, normal load, and tangential force acquired and recorded by the software. Spheres of Ti-6Al-4V and 316L steel were used as counterface materials. In addition, to elucidate the influence of grain size on the mechanical properties of the alloy, observations were conducted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results showed changes in the structure, with a reduction in grain size from 5.51 to 0.79 mm. Using both spheres, the best results for the friction coefficient and wear volume corresponded to the sample with the smallest grain size of 0.79 mm. The friction coefficients obtained were 0.37 and 0.45, using the Ti-6Al-4V and 316L spheres, respectively. These results confirm that the best surface finish for Co-Cr-Mo alloy used as a biomedical implant is one with a smaller grain size, since this results in a lower friction coefficient and low wear.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2923cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloyhip replacementsorthopaedicsscratch testwear |
| spellingShingle | Raimundo Silva Marcos Dantas dos Santos Rui Madureira Rui Soares Rui Neto Ângela Aparecida Vieira Polyana Alves Radi Gonçalves Priscila Maria Sarmeiro M. Leite Lúcia Vieira Filomena Viana Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution Materials cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy hip replacements orthopaedics scratch test wear |
| title | Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution |
| title_full | Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution |
| title_fullStr | Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution |
| title_short | Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution |
| title_sort | scratch and wear behaviour of co cr mo alloy in ringer s lactate solution |
| topic | cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy hip replacements orthopaedics scratch test wear |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2923 |
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