CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber
In this work, sodium aluminate alkaline solution was used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> in a continuous bubble column scrubber and aluminum tri-hydrate (ATH) precipitates were produced. As the sodium carbonate could be recycled after the filtrated solution was crystallized by evaporation, a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/1031 |
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| author | Pao-Chi Chen Shiun-Huang Zhuo Jyun-Hong Jhuang |
| author_facet | Pao-Chi Chen Shiun-Huang Zhuo Jyun-Hong Jhuang |
| author_sort | Pao-Chi Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, sodium aluminate alkaline solution was used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> in a continuous bubble column scrubber and aluminum tri-hydrate (ATH) precipitates were produced. As the sodium carbonate could be recycled after the filtrated solution was crystallized by evaporation, a novel CO<sub>2</sub> capture process was developed successfully. There were five experimental operation variables, including solution flow rate (A), concentration of the solution (B), gas flow rate (C), CO<sub>2</sub> gas concentration (D), and liquid temperature (E), with four levels to each variable. The influence of each variable on absorption efficiency (EF), absorption rate (R<sub>A</sub>), absorption factor (φ), mass transfer coefficient (K<sub>G</sub>a), and precipitation rate (R<sub>P</sub>) in a steady state was explored in this study. The Taguchi experimental design was adopted, and 16 experiments were performed; as the optimum operating conditions found in Taguchi analysis required further verification, there were a total of 21 experiments in the end. According to S/N analysis, the overall order of importance was D > A = B > C > E, meaning D (CO<sub>2</sub> concentration) was most important and E (liquid temperature) was least important. In addition, the result also showed that the Rp was 1.25–2.0 times higher than the RA. The obtained powder was mainly ATH according to XRD analysis, with the crystal size ranging between 8.14 and 27.97 nm. However, the BET analysis showed its particle size range being 17.6–283.7 nm, indicating agglomeration for primary particles. The SEM analysis showed that there were flower-like, irregular, urchin-like, elongated, and amorphous particles. The solutions from five groups of optimum conditions were used to recycle the sodium carbonate experiments. After evaporation and crystallization of the filtrated solutions, the energy loading was found to be 1.70–2.56 GJ/t-solvent, illustrating the superiorities of low energy consumption. The precipitated powders were verified to be sodium carbonate by FTIR, which is a valuable constituent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:56:45Z |
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| id | doaj.art-bc115cbd49024cabb152166d0c4eec70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:56:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc115cbd49024cabb152166d0c4eec702023-11-23T16:24:00ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-01-01153103110.3390/en15031031CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column ScrubberPao-Chi Chen0Shiun-Huang Zhuo1Jyun-Hong Jhuang2Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33306, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33306, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33306, TaiwanIn this work, sodium aluminate alkaline solution was used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> in a continuous bubble column scrubber and aluminum tri-hydrate (ATH) precipitates were produced. As the sodium carbonate could be recycled after the filtrated solution was crystallized by evaporation, a novel CO<sub>2</sub> capture process was developed successfully. There were five experimental operation variables, including solution flow rate (A), concentration of the solution (B), gas flow rate (C), CO<sub>2</sub> gas concentration (D), and liquid temperature (E), with four levels to each variable. The influence of each variable on absorption efficiency (EF), absorption rate (R<sub>A</sub>), absorption factor (φ), mass transfer coefficient (K<sub>G</sub>a), and precipitation rate (R<sub>P</sub>) in a steady state was explored in this study. The Taguchi experimental design was adopted, and 16 experiments were performed; as the optimum operating conditions found in Taguchi analysis required further verification, there were a total of 21 experiments in the end. According to S/N analysis, the overall order of importance was D > A = B > C > E, meaning D (CO<sub>2</sub> concentration) was most important and E (liquid temperature) was least important. In addition, the result also showed that the Rp was 1.25–2.0 times higher than the RA. The obtained powder was mainly ATH according to XRD analysis, with the crystal size ranging between 8.14 and 27.97 nm. However, the BET analysis showed its particle size range being 17.6–283.7 nm, indicating agglomeration for primary particles. The SEM analysis showed that there were flower-like, irregular, urchin-like, elongated, and amorphous particles. The solutions from five groups of optimum conditions were used to recycle the sodium carbonate experiments. After evaporation and crystallization of the filtrated solutions, the energy loading was found to be 1.70–2.56 GJ/t-solvent, illustrating the superiorities of low energy consumption. The precipitated powders were verified to be sodium carbonate by FTIR, which is a valuable constituent.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/1031bubble-columnaluminum tri-hydroxideTaguchi analysismass-transfer coefficient |
| spellingShingle | Pao-Chi Chen Shiun-Huang Zhuo Jyun-Hong Jhuang CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber Energies bubble-column aluminum tri-hydroxide Taguchi analysis mass-transfer coefficient |
| title | CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber |
| title_full | CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber |
| title_fullStr | CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber |
| title_full_unstemmed | CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber |
| title_short | CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Crystallization of ATH Using Sodium Aluminate Solution in a Bubble Column Scrubber |
| title_sort | co sub 2 sub capture and crystallization of ath using sodium aluminate solution in a bubble column scrubber |
| topic | bubble-column aluminum tri-hydroxide Taguchi analysis mass-transfer coefficient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/1031 |
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