Both better and worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects
Above-and-below-average effects are well-known phenomena that arise when comparing oneself to others. Kruger (1999) found that people rate themselves as above average for easy abilities and below average for difficult abilities. We conducted a successful pre-registered replication of Kruger’s (1999)...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Judgment and Decision Making |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.sjdm.org/21/210706/jdm210706.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797722156474302464 |
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| author | Max Korbmacher Ching (Isabelle) Kwan Gilad Feldman |
| author_facet | Max Korbmacher Ching (Isabelle) Kwan Gilad Feldman |
| author_sort | Max Korbmacher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Above-and-below-average effects are well-known phenomena that arise when
comparing oneself to others. Kruger (1999) found that people rate themselves as
above average for easy abilities and below average for difficult abilities. We
conducted a successful pre-registered replication of Kruger’s (1999) Study 1,
the first demonstration of the core phenomenon (N = 756, US MTurk workers).
Extending the replication to also include a between-subject design, we added
two conditions manipulating easy and difficult interpretations of the original
ability domains, and with an additional dependent variable measuring perceived
difficulty. We observed an above-average-effect in the easy extension and
below-average-effect in the difficult extension, compared to the neutral
replication condition. Both extension conditions were perceived as less
ambiguous than the original neutral condition. Overall, we conclude strong
empirical support for Kruger’s above-and-below-average effects, with boundary
conditions laid out in the extensions expanding both generalizability and
robustness of the phenomenon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T09:43:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc151254a61b40d3ac4839686481955a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2975 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T09:43:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Judgment and Decision Making |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc151254a61b40d3ac4839686481955a2023-09-02T13:04:20ZengCambridge University PressJudgment and Decision Making1930-29752022-03-01172449486Both better and worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effectsMax KorbmacherChing (Isabelle) KwanGilad FeldmanAbove-and-below-average effects are well-known phenomena that arise when comparing oneself to others. Kruger (1999) found that people rate themselves as above average for easy abilities and below average for difficult abilities. We conducted a successful pre-registered replication of Kruger’s (1999) Study 1, the first demonstration of the core phenomenon (N = 756, US MTurk workers). Extending the replication to also include a between-subject design, we added two conditions manipulating easy and difficult interpretations of the original ability domains, and with an additional dependent variable measuring perceived difficulty. We observed an above-average-effect in the easy extension and below-average-effect in the difficult extension, compared to the neutral replication condition. Both extension conditions were perceived as less ambiguous than the original neutral condition. Overall, we conclude strong empirical support for Kruger’s above-and-below-average effects, with boundary conditions laid out in the extensions expanding both generalizability and robustness of the phenomenon.http://journal.sjdm.org/21/210706/jdm210706.pdfabove-average effect below-average effect bias anchoring egocentrismnakeywords |
| spellingShingle | Max Korbmacher Ching (Isabelle) Kwan Gilad Feldman Both better and worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects Judgment and Decision Making above-average effect below-average effect bias anchoring egocentrismnakeywords |
| title | Both better and
worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of
Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects |
| title_full | Both better and
worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of
Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects |
| title_fullStr | Both better and
worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of
Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Both better and
worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of
Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects |
| title_short | Both better and
worse than others depending on difficulty: Replication and extensions of
Kruger’s (1999) above and below average effects |
| title_sort | both better and worse than others depending on difficulty replication and extensions of kruger s 1999 above and below average effects |
| topic | above-average effect below-average effect bias anchoring egocentrismnakeywords |
| url | http://journal.sjdm.org/21/210706/jdm210706.pdf |
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