Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue
The aim of the present work was to study the consequences of chronic exercise training on factors involved in the regulation of mitochondrial remodeling and biogenesis, as well as the ability to produce energy and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). Male...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.01122/full |
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| author | Natalia de las Heras Mercedes Klett-Mingo Sandra Ballesteros Beatriz Martín-Fernández Óscar Escribano Óscar Escribano Javier Blanco-Rivero Gloria Balfagón Marta L. Hribal Manuel Benito Manuel Benito Vicente Lahera Almudena Gómez-Hernández Almudena Gómez-Hernández |
| author_facet | Natalia de las Heras Mercedes Klett-Mingo Sandra Ballesteros Beatriz Martín-Fernández Óscar Escribano Óscar Escribano Javier Blanco-Rivero Gloria Balfagón Marta L. Hribal Manuel Benito Manuel Benito Vicente Lahera Almudena Gómez-Hernández Almudena Gómez-Hernández |
| author_sort | Natalia de las Heras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of the present work was to study the consequences of chronic exercise training on factors involved in the regulation of mitochondrial remodeling and biogenesis, as well as the ability to produce energy and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: (1) control group (C; n = 10) and (2) exercise-trained rats (ET; n = 10) for 8 weeks on a motor treadmill (five times per week for 50 min). Exercise training reduced body weight, plasma insulin, and oxidized LDL concentrations. Protein expression of ATP-independent metalloprotease (OMA1), short optic atrophy 1 (S-OPA1), and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in BAT increased in trained rats, and long optic atrophy 1 (L-OPA1) and mitofusin 1 (MFN1) expression decreased. BAT expression of nuclear respiratory factor type 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), the main factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, was higher in trained rats compared to controls. Exercise training increased protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) and AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK/AMPK ratio) in BAT. In addition, training increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II), mitochondrial F1 ATP synthase α-chain, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 (mMDH) and uncoupling protein (UCP) 1,2,3 expression in BAT. Moreover, exercise increased insulin receptor (IR) ratio (IRA/IRB ratio), IRA-insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) hybrids and p42/44 activation, and decreased IGF-1R expression and IR substrate 1 (p-IRS-1) (S307) indicating higher insulin sensitivity and favoring glucose uptake in BAT in response to chronic exercise training. In summary, the present study indicates that chronic exercise is able to improve the energetic profile of BAT in terms of increased mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:30:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc25b29289ba4109b9d798cb3d072323 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:30:52Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc25b29289ba4109b9d798cb3d0723232022-12-21T17:13:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2018-08-01910.3389/fphys.2018.01122394824Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose TissueNatalia de las Heras0Mercedes Klett-Mingo1Sandra Ballesteros2Beatriz Martín-Fernández3Óscar Escribano4Óscar Escribano5Javier Blanco-Rivero6Gloria Balfagón7Marta L. Hribal8Manuel Benito9Manuel Benito10Vicente Lahera11Almudena Gómez-Hernández12Almudena Gómez-Hernández13Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainCIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainCIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainCIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Barcelona, SpainThe aim of the present work was to study the consequences of chronic exercise training on factors involved in the regulation of mitochondrial remodeling and biogenesis, as well as the ability to produce energy and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: (1) control group (C; n = 10) and (2) exercise-trained rats (ET; n = 10) for 8 weeks on a motor treadmill (five times per week for 50 min). Exercise training reduced body weight, plasma insulin, and oxidized LDL concentrations. Protein expression of ATP-independent metalloprotease (OMA1), short optic atrophy 1 (S-OPA1), and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in BAT increased in trained rats, and long optic atrophy 1 (L-OPA1) and mitofusin 1 (MFN1) expression decreased. BAT expression of nuclear respiratory factor type 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), the main factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, was higher in trained rats compared to controls. Exercise training increased protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) and AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK/AMPK ratio) in BAT. In addition, training increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II), mitochondrial F1 ATP synthase α-chain, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 (mMDH) and uncoupling protein (UCP) 1,2,3 expression in BAT. Moreover, exercise increased insulin receptor (IR) ratio (IRA/IRB ratio), IRA-insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) hybrids and p42/44 activation, and decreased IGF-1R expression and IR substrate 1 (p-IRS-1) (S307) indicating higher insulin sensitivity and favoring glucose uptake in BAT in response to chronic exercise training. In summary, the present study indicates that chronic exercise is able to improve the energetic profile of BAT in terms of increased mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.01122/fullmitochondrial dynamicinsulin sensitivityexercisebrown adipose tissueUCPs |
| spellingShingle | Natalia de las Heras Mercedes Klett-Mingo Sandra Ballesteros Beatriz Martín-Fernández Óscar Escribano Óscar Escribano Javier Blanco-Rivero Gloria Balfagón Marta L. Hribal Manuel Benito Manuel Benito Vicente Lahera Almudena Gómez-Hernández Almudena Gómez-Hernández Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue Frontiers in Physiology mitochondrial dynamic insulin sensitivity exercise brown adipose tissue UCPs |
| title | Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue |
| title_full | Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue |
| title_fullStr | Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue |
| title_short | Chronic Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Brown Adipose Tissue |
| title_sort | chronic exercise improves mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity in brown adipose tissue |
| topic | mitochondrial dynamic insulin sensitivity exercise brown adipose tissue UCPs |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.01122/full |
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