Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents
New and efficient sensors of nerve agents are urgently demanded to prevent them from causing mass casualties in war or terrorist attacks. So, in this work, a novel hierarchical nanoheterostructure was synthesized via the direct growth of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorods...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/305 |
| _version_ | 1797318390081126400 |
|---|---|
| author | Xuechun Wang Jingyuan Liu Rumin Li Jing Yu Qi Liu Jiahui Zhu Peili Liu |
| author_facet | Xuechun Wang Jingyuan Liu Rumin Li Jing Yu Qi Liu Jiahui Zhu Peili Liu |
| author_sort | Xuechun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | New and efficient sensors of nerve agents are urgently demanded to prevent them from causing mass casualties in war or terrorist attacks. So, in this work, a novel hierarchical nanoheterostructure was synthesized via the direct growth of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorods onto multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) backbones. Then, the composites were functionalized with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and successfully applied to detect dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP)-sarin simulant gas. The observations show that the HFIP-α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNT hybrids exhibit outstanding DMMP-sensing performance, including low operating temperature (220 °C), high response (6.0 to 0.1 ppm DMMP), short response/recovery time (8.7 s/11.9 s), as well as low detection limit (63.92 ppb). The analysis of the sensing mechanism demonstrates that the perfect sensing performance is mainly due to the synergistic effect of the chemical interaction of DMMP with the heterostructure and the physical adsorption of DMMP by hydrogen bonds with HFIP that are grafted on the α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNTs composite. The huge specific surface area of HFIP-α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNTs composite is also one of the reasons for this enhanced performance. This work not only offers a promising and effective method for synthesizing sensitive materials for high-performance gas sensors but also provides insight into the sensing mechanism of DMMP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc2a894b7ce140b79a98a16af3aa9ba3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:05Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc2a894b7ce140b79a98a16af3aa9ba32024-02-09T15:19:32ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-02-0114330510.3390/nano14030305Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve AgentsXuechun Wang0Jingyuan Liu1Rumin Li2Jing Yu3Qi Liu4Jiahui Zhu5Peili Liu6Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaNew and efficient sensors of nerve agents are urgently demanded to prevent them from causing mass casualties in war or terrorist attacks. So, in this work, a novel hierarchical nanoheterostructure was synthesized via the direct growth of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorods onto multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) backbones. Then, the composites were functionalized with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and successfully applied to detect dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP)-sarin simulant gas. The observations show that the HFIP-α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNT hybrids exhibit outstanding DMMP-sensing performance, including low operating temperature (220 °C), high response (6.0 to 0.1 ppm DMMP), short response/recovery time (8.7 s/11.9 s), as well as low detection limit (63.92 ppb). The analysis of the sensing mechanism demonstrates that the perfect sensing performance is mainly due to the synergistic effect of the chemical interaction of DMMP with the heterostructure and the physical adsorption of DMMP by hydrogen bonds with HFIP that are grafted on the α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNTs composite. The huge specific surface area of HFIP-α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@MWCNTs composite is also one of the reasons for this enhanced performance. This work not only offers a promising and effective method for synthesizing sensitive materials for high-performance gas sensors but also provides insight into the sensing mechanism of DMMP.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/305chemical warfare agentDMMP gas sensormultiwall carbon nanotubesα-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorodsnanoheterostructure |
| spellingShingle | Xuechun Wang Jingyuan Liu Rumin Li Jing Yu Qi Liu Jiahui Zhu Peili Liu Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents Nanomaterials chemical warfare agent DMMP gas sensor multiwall carbon nanotubes α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorods nanoheterostructure |
| title | Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents |
| title_full | Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents |
| title_fullStr | Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents |
| title_short | Hierarchical Nanoheterostructure of HFIP-Grafted α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as High-Performance Chemiresistive Sensors for Nerve Agents |
| title_sort | hierarchical nanoheterostructure of hfip grafted α fe sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub multiwall carbon nanotubes as high performance chemiresistive sensors for nerve agents |
| topic | chemical warfare agent DMMP gas sensor multiwall carbon nanotubes α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorods nanoheterostructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/3/305 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xuechunwang hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT jingyuanliu hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT ruminli hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT jingyu hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT qiliu hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT jiahuizhu hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents AT peililiu hierarchicalnanoheterostructureofhfipgraftedafesub2subosub3submultiwallcarbonnanotubesashighperformancechemiresistivesensorsfornerveagents |