HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function
The biogenesis and function of eukaryotic cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase or mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV) undergo several levels of regulation to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Adaptation to hypoxia and oxidative stress involves CIV subunit isoform switch, ch...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2620 |
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| author | Alba Timón-Gómez Emma L. Bartley-Dier Flavia Fontanesi Antoni Barrientos |
| author_facet | Alba Timón-Gómez Emma L. Bartley-Dier Flavia Fontanesi Antoni Barrientos |
| author_sort | Alba Timón-Gómez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biogenesis and function of eukaryotic cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase or mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV) undergo several levels of regulation to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Adaptation to hypoxia and oxidative stress involves CIV subunit isoform switch, changes in phosphorylation status, and modulation of CIV assembly and enzymatic activity by interacting factors. The latter include the Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain (HIGD) family yeast respiratory supercomplex factors 1 and 2 (Rcf1 and Rcf2) and two mammalian homologs of Rcf1, the proteins HIGD1A and HIGD2A. Whereas Rcf1 and Rcf2 are expressed constitutively, expression of HIGD1A and HIGD2A is induced under stress conditions, such as hypoxia and/or low glucose levels. In both systems, the HIGD proteins localize in the mitochondrial inner membrane and play a role in the biogenesis of CIV as a free unit or as part as respiratory supercomplexes. Notably, they remain bound to assembled CIV and, by modulating its activity, regulate cellular respiration. Here, we will describe the current knowledge regarding the specific and overlapping roles of the several HIGD proteins in physiological and stress conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:17:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc49ea09146d460c977a3bf2ad8e4f98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:17:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc49ea09146d460c977a3bf2ad8e4f982023-11-20T23:41:16ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-12-01912262010.3390/cells9122620HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and FunctionAlba Timón-Gómez0Emma L. Bartley-Dier1Flavia Fontanesi2Antoni Barrientos3Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USAThe biogenesis and function of eukaryotic cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase or mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV) undergo several levels of regulation to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Adaptation to hypoxia and oxidative stress involves CIV subunit isoform switch, changes in phosphorylation status, and modulation of CIV assembly and enzymatic activity by interacting factors. The latter include the Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain (HIGD) family yeast respiratory supercomplex factors 1 and 2 (Rcf1 and Rcf2) and two mammalian homologs of Rcf1, the proteins HIGD1A and HIGD2A. Whereas Rcf1 and Rcf2 are expressed constitutively, expression of HIGD1A and HIGD2A is induced under stress conditions, such as hypoxia and/or low glucose levels. In both systems, the HIGD proteins localize in the mitochondrial inner membrane and play a role in the biogenesis of CIV as a free unit or as part as respiratory supercomplexes. Notably, they remain bound to assembled CIV and, by modulating its activity, regulate cellular respiration. Here, we will describe the current knowledge regarding the specific and overlapping roles of the several HIGD proteins in physiological and stress conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2620HIGD1AHIGD2ARcf1Rcf2Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domaincytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase |
| spellingShingle | Alba Timón-Gómez Emma L. Bartley-Dier Flavia Fontanesi Antoni Barrientos HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function Cells HIGD1A HIGD2A Rcf1 Rcf2 Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase |
| title | HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function |
| title_full | HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function |
| title_fullStr | HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function |
| title_short | HIGD-Driven Regulation of Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase Biogenesis and Function |
| title_sort | higd driven regulation of cytochrome i c i oxidase biogenesis and function |
| topic | HIGD1A HIGD2A Rcf1 Rcf2 Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2620 |
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