The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The xanthophyll carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are found in and around the macula of the primate retina, where they are termed macular pigment (MP). Dietary L and Z are absorbed with fat in the gut and transported on lipop...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-02-01
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| Series: | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.lipidworld.com/content/11/1/33 |
| _version_ | 1811295677298245632 |
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| author | Renzi Lisa M Hammond Billy R Dengler Melissa Roberts Richard |
| author_facet | Renzi Lisa M Hammond Billy R Dengler Melissa Roberts Richard |
| author_sort | Renzi Lisa M |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The xanthophyll carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are found in and around the macula of the primate retina, where they are termed macular pigment (MP). Dietary L and Z are absorbed with fat in the gut and transported on lipoproteins to the retina. Both MP and serum lipoproteins have been related to risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). L and Z are carried on both HDL (related to reduced risk of AMD) and LDL (related to increased risk). The purpose of this set of studies was to analyze the relation between L and Z in the serum and retina with the circulating lipid profile.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In all experiments, lipoproteins were measured enzymatically from plasma, and MP optical density (MPOD) was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry. <it>Experiment 1: Relations between serum L and Z, MPOD and lipoprotein levels</it>. 108 young, healthy subjects (<it>M </it>= 23.2, <it>SD = </it>4.12 years) participated. Lipoprotein levels and MPOD were measured. In a subset of 66 participants, serum L and Z levels were also measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. <it>Experiment 2: Relations between lipoprotein levels and MPOD in statin users</it>. 20 subjects (<it>M </it>= 58.05, <it>SD = </it>11.08 years) taking statin medication and 20 subjects (<it>M </it>= 57.95, <it>SD </it>= 11.03 years) not taking satin were recruited for participation. MPOD and lipoprotein levels were measured. <it>Experiment 3: lowering lipoprotein levels to impact MPOD</it>. One individual (aged 41 years) with high MP density adhered first to an atorvastatin regimen, then, after a wash-out period, to a rosuvastatin regimen.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Experiment 1</it>: HDL were significantly (<it>p </it>< 0.05) related to MPOD (<it>r </it>= 0.33), to serum L (<it>r </it>= 0.36) and to serum Z (<it>r </it>= 0.26). MPOD was also significantly related to total cholesterol (<it>r </it>= 0.19). <it>Experiment 2</it>: MPOD was not lower in statin users when compared to matched non-statin users, but MPOD decreased significantly with increased duration of statin use (<it>r </it>= −0.63). <it>Experiment 3</it>: Administration of a statin regimen reduced MPOD with atorvastatin (<it>p </it>< 0.05) but not with rosuvastatin.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Serum xanthophylls, retinal xanthophylls and lipoprotein concentrations are significantly related, and changing lipoprotein levels may impact levels of retinal xanthophylls.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:36:55Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| publishDate | 2012-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-bc5e0e94d937459481d9bed3ebe2a6bf2022-12-22T03:00:15ZengBMCLipids in Health and Disease1476-511X2012-02-011113310.1186/1476-511X-11-33The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designsRenzi Lisa MHammond Billy RDengler MelissaRoberts Richard<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The xanthophyll carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are found in and around the macula of the primate retina, where they are termed macular pigment (MP). Dietary L and Z are absorbed with fat in the gut and transported on lipoproteins to the retina. Both MP and serum lipoproteins have been related to risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). L and Z are carried on both HDL (related to reduced risk of AMD) and LDL (related to increased risk). The purpose of this set of studies was to analyze the relation between L and Z in the serum and retina with the circulating lipid profile.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In all experiments, lipoproteins were measured enzymatically from plasma, and MP optical density (MPOD) was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry. <it>Experiment 1: Relations between serum L and Z, MPOD and lipoprotein levels</it>. 108 young, healthy subjects (<it>M </it>= 23.2, <it>SD = </it>4.12 years) participated. Lipoprotein levels and MPOD were measured. In a subset of 66 participants, serum L and Z levels were also measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. <it>Experiment 2: Relations between lipoprotein levels and MPOD in statin users</it>. 20 subjects (<it>M </it>= 58.05, <it>SD = </it>11.08 years) taking statin medication and 20 subjects (<it>M </it>= 57.95, <it>SD </it>= 11.03 years) not taking satin were recruited for participation. MPOD and lipoprotein levels were measured. <it>Experiment 3: lowering lipoprotein levels to impact MPOD</it>. One individual (aged 41 years) with high MP density adhered first to an atorvastatin regimen, then, after a wash-out period, to a rosuvastatin regimen.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Experiment 1</it>: HDL were significantly (<it>p </it>< 0.05) related to MPOD (<it>r </it>= 0.33), to serum L (<it>r </it>= 0.36) and to serum Z (<it>r </it>= 0.26). MPOD was also significantly related to total cholesterol (<it>r </it>= 0.19). <it>Experiment 2</it>: MPOD was not lower in statin users when compared to matched non-statin users, but MPOD decreased significantly with increased duration of statin use (<it>r </it>= −0.63). <it>Experiment 3</it>: Administration of a statin regimen reduced MPOD with atorvastatin (<it>p </it>< 0.05) but not with rosuvastatin.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Serum xanthophylls, retinal xanthophylls and lipoprotein concentrations are significantly related, and changing lipoprotein levels may impact levels of retinal xanthophylls.</p>http://www.lipidworld.com/content/11/1/33Macular pigmentLipoproteinsStatinsLuteinZeaxanthin |
| spellingShingle | Renzi Lisa M Hammond Billy R Dengler Melissa Roberts Richard The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs Lipids in Health and Disease Macular pigment Lipoproteins Statins Lutein Zeaxanthin |
| title | The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs |
| title_full | The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs |
| title_fullStr | The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs |
| title_short | The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs |
| title_sort | relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina results from cross sectional case control and case study designs |
| topic | Macular pigment Lipoproteins Statins Lutein Zeaxanthin |
| url | http://www.lipidworld.com/content/11/1/33 |
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