Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has resulted in >500,000 deaths worldwide, including >125,000 deaths in the U.S. since its emergence in late December 2019 and June 2020. Neither curative...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/7/1583 |
| _version_ | 1797563747181527040 |
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| author | Nazzarena Labò Hidetaka Ohnuki Giovanna Tosato |
| author_facet | Nazzarena Labò Hidetaka Ohnuki Giovanna Tosato |
| author_sort | Nazzarena Labò |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has resulted in >500,000 deaths worldwide, including >125,000 deaths in the U.S. since its emergence in late December 2019 and June 2020. Neither curative anti-viral drugs nor a protective vaccine is currently available for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Recently, new clinical syndromes associated with coagulopathy and vasculopathy have emerged as a cause of sudden death and other serious clinical manifestations in younger patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses, is a transmembrane protein expressed by lung alveolar epithelial cells, enterocytes, and vascular endothelial cells, whose physiologic role is to induce the maturation of angiotensin I to generate angiotensin 1-7, a peptide hormone that controls vasoconstriction and blood pressure. In this review, we provide the general context of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on endothelial cells, describe the vasculopathy and coagulopathy syndromes in patients with SARS-CoV-2, and outline current understanding of the underlying mechanistic aspects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:47:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc79ccb133db4abaa32802779d974bce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:47:46Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc79ccb133db4abaa32802779d974bce2023-11-20T05:24:03ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-06-0197158310.3390/cells9071583Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 InfectionNazzarena Labò0Hidetaka Ohnuki1Giovanna Tosato2Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biochemical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USALaboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USALaboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has resulted in >500,000 deaths worldwide, including >125,000 deaths in the U.S. since its emergence in late December 2019 and June 2020. Neither curative anti-viral drugs nor a protective vaccine is currently available for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Recently, new clinical syndromes associated with coagulopathy and vasculopathy have emerged as a cause of sudden death and other serious clinical manifestations in younger patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses, is a transmembrane protein expressed by lung alveolar epithelial cells, enterocytes, and vascular endothelial cells, whose physiologic role is to induce the maturation of angiotensin I to generate angiotensin 1-7, a peptide hormone that controls vasoconstriction and blood pressure. In this review, we provide the general context of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on endothelial cells, describe the vasculopathy and coagulopathy syndromes in patients with SARS-CoV-2, and outline current understanding of the underlying mechanistic aspects.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/7/1583COVID-19SARS-CoV-2ACE2inflammatory cytokinesvasculopathyvascular inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Nazzarena Labò Hidetaka Ohnuki Giovanna Tosato Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Cells COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 inflammatory cytokines vasculopathy vascular inflammation |
| title | Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| title_full | Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| title_fullStr | Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| title_short | Vasculopathy and Coagulopathy Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| title_sort | vasculopathy and coagulopathy associated with sars cov 2 infection |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 inflammatory cytokines vasculopathy vascular inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/7/1583 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nazzarenalabo vasculopathyandcoagulopathyassociatedwithsarscov2infection AT hidetakaohnuki vasculopathyandcoagulopathyassociatedwithsarscov2infection AT giovannatosato vasculopathyandcoagulopathyassociatedwithsarscov2infection |